Why do international criminal tribunals write histories of the origins and causes of armed conflicts? Richard Ashby Wilson conducted research with judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys and expert witnesses in three international criminal tribunals to understand how law and history are combined in the courtroom. Historical testimony is now an integral part of international trials, with prosecutors and defense teams using background testimony to pursue decidedly legal objectives. In the Slobodan Milosevic trial, the prosecution sought to demonstrate special intent to commit genocide by reference to a long-standing animus, nurtured within a nationalist mindset. For their part, the defense called historical witnesses to undermine charges of superior responsibility, and to mitigate the sentence by representing crimes as reprisals. Although legal ways of knowing are distinct from those of history, the two are effectively combined in international trials in a way that challenges us to rethink the relationship between law and history.
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"How well do international criminal courts craft historical understandings of genocide, massacre and other grave violations of human rights? And how well do recent efforts to highlight such traumatic history in international trials promote sound judicial outcomes? These questions not only torment survivors, but should preoccupy everyone concerned with the cause of international criminal justice. Bringing to these issues the skills of a legal anthropologist, a learned appreciation of international humanitarian law and a refined legal sensibility, Richard Wilson provides answers based on path breaking new research. The first full-dress examination of this topic, this is a splendid book that should dominate the discussion of this important topic."
Michael R. Marrus
Chancellor Rose and Ray Wolfe Professor Emeritus of Holocaust Studies, University of Toronto
Michael R. Marrus
Chancellor Rose and Ray Wolfe Professor Emeritus of Holocaust Studies, University of Toronto