Chromium is the metals of most immediate concern because of its toxicity, not only to human health but also to the environment. The chromium content of tannery waste water needs to be determined and the waste water from the tannery industries has to be treated and checked regularly to obey regulatory standards set out. This book revises all about chromium (occurrence, properties, uses, toxicity, sources of its exposure and risk of its discharge to the environment) with objectives mainly focusing on the determination of chromium in the tannery waste water, comparing the two methods called FAAS and UV/Visible spectrophotometry in the determination of Cr in the tannery effluents and also recommending on the treatment mechanisms of tannery effluents to reduce risk of discharge of chromium to the environment or to keep the tannery waste water friendly to the surrounding.