Although short carbon fibres made from PAN are characterised by better mechanical parameters than low-modulus carbon fibres, the latter found wider application in cement composites, mainly due to lower cost of production. This book describes the influence of three carbon materials, two types of microfibers and carbon microspheres, differing in crystalline structure, on the mechanical properties of the cement composites. A special attention was focused on the chemical surface treatment of carbons and the application of cyclic voltammetry measurements in the estimation of carbons oxidation degree. A practical applicability of cement-carbon composites was valued in physico-mechanical tests. Their results helped to define the proportional share of carbon fibres and spherical carbon that guarantee the improvement of mechanical properties of the composite, especially their ductility. This book is suitable for courses in materials, chemistry and chemical engineering departments and should be especially useful to professionals and researchers in the field of carbon and cement materials.