In this book, we present the fundamental design process of parabolic trough collector (PTC) based solar thermal power plants starting from basic thermodynamic and heat transfer to industrial aspects. We have clearly explained and demonstrated the use of computational fluid dynamics numerical simulations to optimize component sizing that are initially produced by analytical calculations. Each fundamental part of the plant is completely designed and their connections with other sections are also explained. We also introduced structural design and accurate placement of components to optimize plant performance. ASME B.31 piping standards are maintained throughout the pipe routing process. In addition, we provided the sources of fundamental knowledge that is required for computer aided design (CAD)