For decades, eighteenth-century Paris had been declining into a baroque backwater. Spectacles at the opera, once considered fit for a king, had become "hell for the ears," wrote playwright Carlos Goldoni. Then, in 1774, with the crowning of Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette, Paris became one of the world's most vibrant musical centers. Austrian composer Christophe-Willibald Gluck, protege of the queen, introduced a new kind of tragic opera--dramatic, human and closer to nature. The expressive pantomime known as ballet d'action, forerunner of the modern ballet, replaced stately court dancing.…mehr
For decades, eighteenth-century Paris had been declining into a baroque backwater. Spectacles at the opera, once considered fit for a king, had become "hell for the ears," wrote playwright Carlos Goldoni. Then, in 1774, with the crowning of Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette, Paris became one of the world's most vibrant musical centers. Austrian composer Christophe-Willibald Gluck, protege of the queen, introduced a new kind of tragic opera--dramatic, human and closer to nature. The expressive pantomime known as ballet d'action, forerunner of the modern ballet, replaced stately court dancing. Along the boulevards, people whistled lighter tunes from the Italian opera, where the queen's favorite composer, Andre Modeste Gretry, ruled supreme. This book recounts Gluck's remaking of the grand operatic tragedy--long symbolic of absolute monarchy--and the vehement quarrels between those who embraced reform and those who preferred familiar baroque tunes or the sweeter melodies of Italy. The turmoil was an important element in the ferment that led to the French Revolution and the beheading of the queen.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Barrington James has been a reporter, editor and foreign correspondent for several major news organizations, including the New York Herald Tribune, United Press International, and the International Herald Tribune in Paris. He lives in Sevres, France.
Inhaltsangabe
Table of Contents Preface A Note on Sources 1. A Country Ripe for Change A Surprise Meeting 7 The Harp 9 Music Takes Over 10 The Petit Trianon 11 The Trianon Theater 2. Christoph Willibald Gluck and the Quest for Drama French Influence in Vienna 16 Reform Operas 17 Calzabigi 18 Ideas of Paris 19 Du Roullet 20 A Bold Enterprise 21 Stormy Rehearsals 22 A Letter from Rousseau 23 This Happy Revolution 24 A New Part for the Goddess 25 Orphée et Eurydice 3. "Simplicity, Truth, and Naturalness" Alceste 28 Armide 28 Dramatic Impact 29 Painter, Poet and Musician 30 A Terrible Battle 32 La Harpe's Attack 32 Anonyme de Vaugirard 4. The Baroness and the Broken Old Songbird Two Divas 35 A Fight with a Prince 36 The Voice of the People 37 Brutal Hostility 38 Madame la Baronne 40 Arnould Attempts a Comeback 5. Niccolò Piccinni In Search of a Fortune 43 Du Barry's Rivalry 44 Is There No Sun? 46 Orlando and Orlandino 6. Iphigénie en Champagne Atys 51 An Operatic Duel 52 The Drunken Soprano 54 A Convivial Dinner 7. A Star Is Born: Madame Saint-Huberty Didon 59 An Unfortunate Marriage 60 Didon Transformed 61 Authentic Costume 63 Quarrels with Management 64 Piccinni Returns to Naples 8. Mozart The Duc de Guînes 66 A Warning 67 From Child Prodigy to Nobody 68 From Mannheim to Paris 69 Baron von Grimm 73 Aristocrats 74 Slow Return to Salzburg 9. Antonio Salieri Écho et Narcisse 78 Les Danaïdes 80 Salieri's Deception 82 Les Horaces 10. Tragédie Lyrique In Search of a Common Language 85 Italy versus France 85 Lully 86 Rameau 87 Scribblers 89 The Buffoons 89 Religious Undertone 90 Rousseau 91 Le devin du village 93 A Hell for the Ears 95 The French Howl 96 Why Was the Paris Opéra So Different? 11. The Entrepreneur The Performing Monkey Pays 99 De Vismes du Valgay 100 Expanding the Repertoire 101 A Fresh Start 102 Castor et Pollux 104 Les Bouffons, Bis 104 A Modern Impresario 106 The Opéra Conspiracy 106 De Vismes' Denial 12. Ballet and the Art of Gesture Dupré's Graceful Steps 110 Ballets within Operas 111 Pantomime 111 Gluck and Ballet 112 Noverre 113 Enormous Ill Will 13. Marie-Madeleine Guimard Mirza et Lindor 117 Extravagance 119 A Favorite at Court 120 Ballet and Meaning 121 Nature 122 Grace 14. Concerts Concert Life 124 Aristocrats 126 Foreigners 126 Baron Bach 127 The Concert Spirituel 127 Gossec and the Concert des Amateurs 128 L'Orchestre de la Société Olympique 130 The Court 131 Menus Plaisirs 15. Opéra Comique The Italian Theater 133 Jean Monnet 133 Financial Crisis 135 The Merged Company 137 An Italian Innovator 138 Monsigny 138 Philidor 140 Nicolas-Marie d'Alayrac 16. Marguerite Montansier Into the Queen's Circle 144 The Theater at Versailles 145 Paisiello 147 Montansier's Role 147 Move to Paris 148 Théâtre de Monsieur 17. André-Modeste Grétry The Queen's Music Director 152 Grétry Walks to Rome 153 A Meeting with Voltaire 154 Hostile Reception in Paris 155 Marmontel Comes to the Rescue 156 Opus One 157 Zémire et Azor 158 Michel-Jean Sedaine 160 Tragedies 18. Jean-Nicolas Bouilly Pierre le Grand 163 Antoinette 163 Grétry's Great Loss 164 Grétry Quits Music 166 Revolutionary Politics 167 Fidelio 19. The Opéra in the 1780s Fire, Again! 169 A Race to Rebuild 171 Safety Concerns 172 Antoine Dauvergne 172 The Stars Run Away 174 Mlle. Théodore 175 Undisputed Talent 176 Dauberval Flees to London 20. Antonio Sacchini L'Olympiade 179 Xenophobia at the Opéra 180 Renaud 181 Chimène 182 Dardanus 183 dipe à Colone 184 Arvire et Évélina 21. Figaro and Tarare The Marriage of Figaro 187 The Necklace Affair 187 The End Game 188 A Wave of Slander 189 Tarare 190 An Oriental Theme 22. The Show Goes On Resentment of Bureaucracy 194 Dauvergne Reappointed 195 A School for Principals 197 Les Filles de l'Opéra 197 The Show Goes On 198 Tu dors Brutus 23. Religion and Revolution The Grand Motet 202 Jean-François Lesueur 203 Gossec and the Big Sound 204 François Giroust 205 A New Religion 207 A Revolution in Song 209 La Marseillaise 211 Dialogue des Carmélites 24. Tragic Epilogue A Fateful Aria 214 Censorship 216 Farewell to the Theater 216 The Temple Chapter Notes Bibliography Index
Table of Contents Preface A Note on Sources 1. A Country Ripe for Change A Surprise Meeting 7 The Harp 9 Music Takes Over 10 The Petit Trianon 11 The Trianon Theater 2. Christoph Willibald Gluck and the Quest for Drama French Influence in Vienna 16 Reform Operas 17 Calzabigi 18 Ideas of Paris 19 Du Roullet 20 A Bold Enterprise 21 Stormy Rehearsals 22 A Letter from Rousseau 23 This Happy Revolution 24 A New Part for the Goddess 25 Orphée et Eurydice 3. "Simplicity, Truth, and Naturalness" Alceste 28 Armide 28 Dramatic Impact 29 Painter, Poet and Musician 30 A Terrible Battle 32 La Harpe's Attack 32 Anonyme de Vaugirard 4. The Baroness and the Broken Old Songbird Two Divas 35 A Fight with a Prince 36 The Voice of the People 37 Brutal Hostility 38 Madame la Baronne 40 Arnould Attempts a Comeback 5. Niccolò Piccinni In Search of a Fortune 43 Du Barry's Rivalry 44 Is There No Sun? 46 Orlando and Orlandino 6. Iphigénie en Champagne Atys 51 An Operatic Duel 52 The Drunken Soprano 54 A Convivial Dinner 7. A Star Is Born: Madame Saint-Huberty Didon 59 An Unfortunate Marriage 60 Didon Transformed 61 Authentic Costume 63 Quarrels with Management 64 Piccinni Returns to Naples 8. Mozart The Duc de Guînes 66 A Warning 67 From Child Prodigy to Nobody 68 From Mannheim to Paris 69 Baron von Grimm 73 Aristocrats 74 Slow Return to Salzburg 9. Antonio Salieri Écho et Narcisse 78 Les Danaïdes 80 Salieri's Deception 82 Les Horaces 10. Tragédie Lyrique In Search of a Common Language 85 Italy versus France 85 Lully 86 Rameau 87 Scribblers 89 The Buffoons 89 Religious Undertone 90 Rousseau 91 Le devin du village 93 A Hell for the Ears 95 The French Howl 96 Why Was the Paris Opéra So Different? 11. The Entrepreneur The Performing Monkey Pays 99 De Vismes du Valgay 100 Expanding the Repertoire 101 A Fresh Start 102 Castor et Pollux 104 Les Bouffons, Bis 104 A Modern Impresario 106 The Opéra Conspiracy 106 De Vismes' Denial 12. Ballet and the Art of Gesture Dupré's Graceful Steps 110 Ballets within Operas 111 Pantomime 111 Gluck and Ballet 112 Noverre 113 Enormous Ill Will 13. Marie-Madeleine Guimard Mirza et Lindor 117 Extravagance 119 A Favorite at Court 120 Ballet and Meaning 121 Nature 122 Grace 14. Concerts Concert Life 124 Aristocrats 126 Foreigners 126 Baron Bach 127 The Concert Spirituel 127 Gossec and the Concert des Amateurs 128 L'Orchestre de la Société Olympique 130 The Court 131 Menus Plaisirs 15. Opéra Comique The Italian Theater 133 Jean Monnet 133 Financial Crisis 135 The Merged Company 137 An Italian Innovator 138 Monsigny 138 Philidor 140 Nicolas-Marie d'Alayrac 16. Marguerite Montansier Into the Queen's Circle 144 The Theater at Versailles 145 Paisiello 147 Montansier's Role 147 Move to Paris 148 Théâtre de Monsieur 17. André-Modeste Grétry The Queen's Music Director 152 Grétry Walks to Rome 153 A Meeting with Voltaire 154 Hostile Reception in Paris 155 Marmontel Comes to the Rescue 156 Opus One 157 Zémire et Azor 158 Michel-Jean Sedaine 160 Tragedies 18. Jean-Nicolas Bouilly Pierre le Grand 163 Antoinette 163 Grétry's Great Loss 164 Grétry Quits Music 166 Revolutionary Politics 167 Fidelio 19. The Opéra in the 1780s Fire, Again! 169 A Race to Rebuild 171 Safety Concerns 172 Antoine Dauvergne 172 The Stars Run Away 174 Mlle. Théodore 175 Undisputed Talent 176 Dauberval Flees to London 20. Antonio Sacchini L'Olympiade 179 Xenophobia at the Opéra 180 Renaud 181 Chimène 182 Dardanus 183 dipe à Colone 184 Arvire et Évélina 21. Figaro and Tarare The Marriage of Figaro 187 The Necklace Affair 187 The End Game 188 A Wave of Slander 189 Tarare 190 An Oriental Theme 22. The Show Goes On Resentment of Bureaucracy 194 Dauvergne Reappointed 195 A School for Principals 197 Les Filles de l'Opéra 197 The Show Goes On 198 Tu dors Brutus 23. Religion and Revolution The Grand Motet 202 Jean-François Lesueur 203 Gossec and the Big Sound 204 François Giroust 205 A New Religion 207 A Revolution in Song 209 La Marseillaise 211 Dialogue des Carmélites 24. Tragic Epilogue A Fateful Aria 214 Censorship 216 Farewell to the Theater 216 The Temple Chapter Notes Bibliography Index
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