Fatigue has become important Criteria with need of higher strength to wear ratio of engineering components.To increase the service life of components one of the method is to form controlled compressive residual stress field around fasteners holes.To upgrade the fatigue life of components by reducing the stress concentration effect is accomplished by imparting zone of beneficial compressive residual stress around the hole.Cold expansion is a common method used for getting the beneficial residual stresses and the process variables have been identified in doing the further analysis.Analytical and Numerical methods have been used to determine residual stress distribution and its analysis