Louis J. DiBerardinis, Janet S. Baum, Melvin W. First, Gari T. Gatwood, Anand K. Seth
Laboratory Design 4e
Louis J. DiBerardinis, Janet S. Baum, Melvin W. First, Gari T. Gatwood, Anand K. Seth
Laboratory Design 4e
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The new edition of this book addresses the many changes in laboratory design since the previous edition was published in 2001. It focuses on advances in environmental design and green laboratories while bringing up to date all health and safety aspects of lab design. Features include a new section on sustainable design, new chapters on material sciences engineering and nanotechnology, plus major updates in the Animal Research and HVAC chapters. Architects, design and HVAC engineers, industrial hygienists, EHS professionals, and facilities managers will gain an important ally for their…mehr
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The new edition of this book addresses the many changes in laboratory design since the previous edition was published in 2001. It focuses on advances in environmental design and green laboratories while bringing up to date all health and safety aspects of lab design. Features include a new section on sustainable design, new chapters on material sciences engineering and nanotechnology, plus major updates in the Animal Research and HVAC chapters. Architects, design and HVAC engineers, industrial hygienists, EHS professionals, and facilities managers will gain an important ally for their work.
Proven and tested guidelines for designing ideal labs for scientific investigations
Now in its Fourth Edition, Guidelines for Laboratory Design continues to enable readers to design labs that make it possible to conduct scientific investigations in a safe and healthy environment. The book brings together all the professionals who are critical to a successful lab design, discussing the roles of architects, engineers, health and safety professionals, and laboratory researchers. It provides the design team with the information needed to ask the right questions and then determine the best design, while complying with current regulations and best practices.
Guidelines for Laboratory Design features concise, straightforward advice organized in an easy-to-use format that facilitates the design of safe, efficient laboratories. Divided into five sections, the book records some of the most important discoveries and achievements in:
Part IA, Common Elements of Laboratory Design, sets forth technical specifications that apply to most laboratory buildings and modules
Part IB, Common Elements of Renovations, offers general design principles for the renovation and modernization of existing labs
Part II, Design Guidelines for a Number of Commonly Used Laboratories, explains specifications, best practices, and guidelines for nineteen types of laboratories, with three new chapters covering nanotechnology, engineering, and autopsy labs
Part III, Laboratory Support Services, addresses design issues for imaging facilities, support shops, hazardous waste facilities, and laboratory storerooms
Part IV, HVAC Systems, explains how to heat, cool, and ventilate labs with an eye towards energy conservation
Part V, Administrative Procedures, deals with bidding procedures, final acceptance inspections, and sustainability
The final part of the book features five appendices filled with commonly needed data and reference materials.
This Fourth Edition is indispensable for all laboratory design teams, whether constructing a new laboratory or renovating an old facility to meet new objectives.
Proven and tested guidelines for designing ideal labs for scientific investigations
Now in its Fourth Edition, Guidelines for Laboratory Design continues to enable readers to design labs that make it possible to conduct scientific investigations in a safe and healthy environment. The book brings together all the professionals who are critical to a successful lab design, discussing the roles of architects, engineers, health and safety professionals, and laboratory researchers. It provides the design team with the information needed to ask the right questions and then determine the best design, while complying with current regulations and best practices.
Guidelines for Laboratory Design features concise, straightforward advice organized in an easy-to-use format that facilitates the design of safe, efficient laboratories. Divided into five sections, the book records some of the most important discoveries and achievements in:
Part IA, Common Elements of Laboratory Design, sets forth technical specifications that apply to most laboratory buildings and modules
Part IB, Common Elements of Renovations, offers general design principles for the renovation and modernization of existing labs
Part II, Design Guidelines for a Number of Commonly Used Laboratories, explains specifications, best practices, and guidelines for nineteen types of laboratories, with three new chapters covering nanotechnology, engineering, and autopsy labs
Part III, Laboratory Support Services, addresses design issues for imaging facilities, support shops, hazardous waste facilities, and laboratory storerooms
Part IV, HVAC Systems, explains how to heat, cool, and ventilate labs with an eye towards energy conservation
Part V, Administrative Procedures, deals with bidding procedures, final acceptance inspections, and sustainability
The final part of the book features five appendices filled with commonly needed data and reference materials.
This Fourth Edition is indispensable for all laboratory design teams, whether constructing a new laboratory or renovating an old facility to meet new objectives.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- 4. Aufl.
- Seitenzahl: 560
- Erscheinungstermin: 8. April 2013
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 286mm x 221mm x 34mm
- Gewicht: 666g
- ISBN-13: 9780470505526
- ISBN-10: 0470505524
- Artikelnr.: 29931785
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- 4. Aufl.
- Seitenzahl: 560
- Erscheinungstermin: 8. April 2013
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 286mm x 221mm x 34mm
- Gewicht: 666g
- ISBN-13: 9780470505526
- ISBN-10: 0470505524
- Artikelnr.: 29931785
LOUIS J. DiBERARDINIS, BS, MS, CIH, CSP, is the Director of Environment, Health, and Safety at MIT. He is a visiting lecturer at Harvard University School of Public Health and Adjunct Professor at the University of Massachusetts Lowell in the Department of the Work Environment. He received his BS in chemical engineering from Northeastern University and an MS in industrial hygiene from Harvard University. JANET S. BAUM, BS, MArch, AiA, currently teaches part-time at Harvard University School of Public Health and at both the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design and the Institute of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis. She earned her BS in architectural sciences at Washington University in St. Louis and her master of architecture at Harvard University Graduate School of Design. The late MELVIN W. FIRST, ScD, CIH, PE, was a researcher and professor of environmental health Engineering at the Harvard School of Public Health for almost sixty years and was actively involved in research until a week before his death. GARI T. GATWOOD, BSME, CSP (retired), is a consultant in safety engineering. He has forty years of safety experience in missile defense, commercial chemicals, laboratories, and university programs. He holds a degree in mechanical engineering from the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy in Rolla, Missouri. Anand K. Seth, BS, MS, PE, CEM, CPE, is currently an Engineering Principal in Cannon Design, an international architectural/engineering firm. Seth worked at Massachusetts General Hospital as director of engineering and at Harvard University. He holds a master of science in mechanical engineering from the University of Maine and has done postgraduate work at other universities.
FOREWORD xv PREFACE xvii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix ABOUT THE AUTHORS xxi ABBREVIATIONS xxiii UNITS xxv ORGANIZATIONS REFERENCED xxvii INTRODUCTION xxix How to Use This Book
xxx Book Organization
xxxi Computational Fluid Dynamics
xxxiii PART IA COMMON ELEMENTS OF LABORATORY DESIGN 1 1 Building Considerations 3 1.1 Guiding Concepts
3 1.2 Building Layout
3 1.3 Guiding Principles for Building Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
44 1.4 Guiding Concepts for Laboratory Building Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
51 1.5 Miscellaneous Services
56 2 Laboratory Considerations 65 PART IB COMMON ELEMENTS OF RENOVATIONS 109 3 Renovations: Building Considerations 123 3.1 Guiding Concepts
123 3.2 Building Layout
125 3.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
129 3.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
133 3.5 Miscellaneous Services
134 4 Renovations: Laboratory Considerations 136 4.1 Guiding Concepts
136 4.2 Laboratory Layout
137 4.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
138 4.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
138 PART II DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR A NUMBER OF COMMONLY USED LABORATORIES 141 5 General or Analytical Chemistry Laboratory 143 5.1 Description
143 5.2 Laboratory Layout
144 5.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
146 5.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
149 5.5 Special Requirements
149 6 High-Toxicity Laboratory 150 6.1 Description
150 6.2 Laboratory Layout
151 6.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
153 6.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
154 6.5 Special Requirements
155 7 Nanotechnology Laboratories 156 7.1 Description
156 7.2 Laboratory Layout
156 7.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
157 7.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
158 8 Engineering Laboratories 160 8.1 Description
160 8.2 Engineering Disciplines and Some of Their Most Common Laboratory Types
160 8.3 Wind Tunnel Laboratory
161 8.4 Jet and Rocket Propulsion Laboratory
162 8.5 Hydraulics Laboratory
164 8.6 Material Analysis and Testing Laboratory
165 8.7 Electrical Circuits
Motors
and Generators Laboratory
165 8.8 Foundry Laboratory
167 8.9 Internal Combustion and Gas Turbine Engine Laboratory
169 9 Pilot Plant: Chemical
Engineering
and Biological 173 9.1 Description
173 9.2 Pilot Plant Layout
174 9.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
174 9.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
175 9.5 Special Requirements
175 10 Physics Laboratory 177 10.1 Description
177 10.2 Laboratory Layout
178 10.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
179 10.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
179 10.5 Special Requirements
181 11 Controlled Environment Room: Hot or Cold 182 11.1 Description
182 11.2 Laboratory Layout
183 11.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
183 11.4 Loss Prevention
185 11.5 Special Requirements
185 12 High-Pressure Laboratory 187 12.1 Description
187 12.2 Laboratory Layout
188 12.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
188 12.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
189 12.5 Special Requirements
189 13 Radiation Laboratory 190 13.1 Description
190 13.2 Laboratory Layout
191 13.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
194 13.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
195 13.5 Special Considerations
195 14 Biosafety Laboratory 196 14.1 Description
196 14.2 Laboratory Layout
202 14.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
212 14.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
213 14.5 Special Requirements
213 15 Clinical Laboratories 216 15.1 Description
216 15.2 Laboratory Layout
218 15.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
222 15.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
223 16 Teaching Laboratory 227 16.1 Description
227 16.2 Laboratory Layout
228 16.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
234 16.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
235 17 Gross Anatomy Laboratory 238 17.1 Description
238 17.2 Laboratory Layout
239 17.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
243 17.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
244 17.5 Security
245 18 Pathology Laboratory 246 18.1 Description
246 18.2 Laboratory Layout
249 18.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
251 18.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
251 18.5 Special Requirements
252 19 Autopsy Laboratory 253 19.1 Description
253 19.2 Laboratory Layout
255 19.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
260 19.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
261 20 Morgue Facility 262 20.1 Description
262 20.2 Laboratory Layout
265 20.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
269 20.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
269 21 Open or Team Research Laboratory 271 21.1 Description
271 21.2 Laboratory Layout
272 21.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
275 21.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
275 21.5 Special Considerations
276 22 Animal Research Laboratory 277 22.1 Description
277 22.2 Laboratory Layout
279 22.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
292 22.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
296 22.5 Special Requirements
297 23 Microelectronics and Cleanroom Laboratories 299 23.1 Description
299 23.2 Laboratory Layout
303 23.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air Conditioning
307 23.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personnel Safety
310 23.5 Special Requirements
312 23.6 Renovations
314 24 Printmaking Studio 315 24.1 Description
315 24.2 Print Studio Layout
317 24.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
318 24.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
321 PART III LABORATORY SUPPORT SERVICES 325 25 Imaging and Photographic Facilities 327 25.1 Introduction
327 25.2 Photographic And Imaging Facility Layouts
331 25.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
334 25.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
336 25.5 Special Requirements
337 26 Support Shops 339 26.1 Description
339 26.2 Layout
340 26.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
344 26.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
346 26.5 Special Requirements
346 27 Hazardous Chemical
Radioactive
and Biological Waste-Handling Rooms 348 27.1 Guiding Concepts
348 27.2 Layout
351 27.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
356 27.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
358 27.5 Special Requirements
358 28 Laboratory Storerooms 360 28.1 Description
360 28.2 Layout
363 28.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
366 28.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
367 28.5 Special Requirements
368 PART IV HVAC SYSTEMS 369 29 HVAC Systems 371 29.1 Description
371 29.2 Air-Conditioning Systems
371 29.3 HVAC System Design and Description
376 29.4 System Descriptions and Strategies
377 29.5 Humidification and Dehumidification
386 29.6 Space Pressure Control
389 29.7 Automatic Control System
391 30 Fans 392 30.1 Fan Terminology
392 30.2 Exhaust Fan Specifications
393 30.3 Atmospheric Dispersion
394 30.4 Fan Laws
394 30.5 Fan Selection
395 30.6 Fan Performance
396 31 Air Cleaning 397 31.1 Introduction
397 31.2 Air-Cleaning Equipment for Laboratories
398 32 Laboratory Hoods and Other Exhaust Air Contaminant-Capture Facilities and Equipment 404 32.1 Introduction
404 32.2 Conventional Bypass Chemical Fume Hoods
405 32.3 Auxiliary Air Chemical Fume Hoods
409 32.4 Perchloric Acid Fume Hoods
411 32.5 Hoods for Work With Radioactive Materials
411 32.6 Variable Air-Volume Hoods
411 32.7 High-Performance Hoods
412 32.8 Gloveboxes
412 32.9 Biological Safety Cabinets
413 32.10 Capture (Exterior) Hoods
416 32.11 Ductless Hoods
416 32.12 Performance Tests
420 33 Exhaust Air Ducts and Accessories 422 33.1 Introduction
422 33.2 Exhust Duct Considerations
423 33.3 Exhust System Classification
424 33.4 Duct Accessories
424 34 Variable-Air-Volume Systems 426 34.1 Introduction
426 34.2 VAV Hoods
427 34.3 Good Design Practices for Vav Systems
428 34.4 Variable-Volume Exhaust System Operational Concept
428 34.5 VAV System Controls and Components
429 34.6 VAV System Fan Controls and Components
431 34.7 VAV System Duct Configurations
434 35 Energy Conservation 436 35.1 Introduction
436 35.2 Recent Trends
437 35.3 Exhaust Ventilation for Contamination Control
440 35.4 Lighting
448 35.5 Thermal Insulation
448 35.6 Humidity Control
448 35.7 Evaporative Cooling
449 35.8 Water Conservation
449 35.9 Efficient Operating Strategies
449 PART V ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES 451 36 Project Execution and Bidding Procedures 453 36.1 Guiding Concepts
453 36.2 Implementation
454 36.3 Bid Form
456 36.4 Contract
457 36.5 Change Orders
457 36.6 Construction Inspections
458 36.7 Punch List
458 36.8 Additional Testing and Acceptance
458 36.9 Beneficial Occupancy
459 36.10 Final Acceptance and Commissioning
459 37 Commissioning and Final Acceptance Criteria 460 37.1 Guiding Concepts
460 37.2 Design
Construction
and Preoccupancy Checklists
460 37.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
462 37.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
466 37.5 Project Commissioning
467 38 Sustainable Laboratory Design 471 38.1 Introduction
471 38.2 Laboratory Construction Materials
472 38.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
474 38.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
477 38.5 Miscellaneous Services
477 38.6 Lighting
478 38.7 Submetering
479 38.8 Additional Background Material
479 PART VI APPENDIXES 481 Appendix A Emergency Showers 483 Appendix B Emergency Eyewash Units 485 Appendix C Signs 486 Appendix D Stack Design 489 Appendix E Matrix of Building Consideration for Specific Laboratory Types 495 REFERENCES 500 INDEX 509
xxx Book Organization
xxxi Computational Fluid Dynamics
xxxiii PART IA COMMON ELEMENTS OF LABORATORY DESIGN 1 1 Building Considerations 3 1.1 Guiding Concepts
3 1.2 Building Layout
3 1.3 Guiding Principles for Building Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
44 1.4 Guiding Concepts for Laboratory Building Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
51 1.5 Miscellaneous Services
56 2 Laboratory Considerations 65 PART IB COMMON ELEMENTS OF RENOVATIONS 109 3 Renovations: Building Considerations 123 3.1 Guiding Concepts
123 3.2 Building Layout
125 3.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
129 3.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
133 3.5 Miscellaneous Services
134 4 Renovations: Laboratory Considerations 136 4.1 Guiding Concepts
136 4.2 Laboratory Layout
137 4.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
138 4.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
138 PART II DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR A NUMBER OF COMMONLY USED LABORATORIES 141 5 General or Analytical Chemistry Laboratory 143 5.1 Description
143 5.2 Laboratory Layout
144 5.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
146 5.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
149 5.5 Special Requirements
149 6 High-Toxicity Laboratory 150 6.1 Description
150 6.2 Laboratory Layout
151 6.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
153 6.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
154 6.5 Special Requirements
155 7 Nanotechnology Laboratories 156 7.1 Description
156 7.2 Laboratory Layout
156 7.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
157 7.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
158 8 Engineering Laboratories 160 8.1 Description
160 8.2 Engineering Disciplines and Some of Their Most Common Laboratory Types
160 8.3 Wind Tunnel Laboratory
161 8.4 Jet and Rocket Propulsion Laboratory
162 8.5 Hydraulics Laboratory
164 8.6 Material Analysis and Testing Laboratory
165 8.7 Electrical Circuits
Motors
and Generators Laboratory
165 8.8 Foundry Laboratory
167 8.9 Internal Combustion and Gas Turbine Engine Laboratory
169 9 Pilot Plant: Chemical
Engineering
and Biological 173 9.1 Description
173 9.2 Pilot Plant Layout
174 9.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
174 9.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
175 9.5 Special Requirements
175 10 Physics Laboratory 177 10.1 Description
177 10.2 Laboratory Layout
178 10.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
179 10.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
179 10.5 Special Requirements
181 11 Controlled Environment Room: Hot or Cold 182 11.1 Description
182 11.2 Laboratory Layout
183 11.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
183 11.4 Loss Prevention
185 11.5 Special Requirements
185 12 High-Pressure Laboratory 187 12.1 Description
187 12.2 Laboratory Layout
188 12.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
188 12.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
189 12.5 Special Requirements
189 13 Radiation Laboratory 190 13.1 Description
190 13.2 Laboratory Layout
191 13.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
194 13.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
195 13.5 Special Considerations
195 14 Biosafety Laboratory 196 14.1 Description
196 14.2 Laboratory Layout
202 14.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
212 14.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
213 14.5 Special Requirements
213 15 Clinical Laboratories 216 15.1 Description
216 15.2 Laboratory Layout
218 15.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
222 15.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
223 16 Teaching Laboratory 227 16.1 Description
227 16.2 Laboratory Layout
228 16.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
234 16.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
235 17 Gross Anatomy Laboratory 238 17.1 Description
238 17.2 Laboratory Layout
239 17.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
243 17.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
244 17.5 Security
245 18 Pathology Laboratory 246 18.1 Description
246 18.2 Laboratory Layout
249 18.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
251 18.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
251 18.5 Special Requirements
252 19 Autopsy Laboratory 253 19.1 Description
253 19.2 Laboratory Layout
255 19.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
260 19.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
261 20 Morgue Facility 262 20.1 Description
262 20.2 Laboratory Layout
265 20.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
269 20.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
269 21 Open or Team Research Laboratory 271 21.1 Description
271 21.2 Laboratory Layout
272 21.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
275 21.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
275 21.5 Special Considerations
276 22 Animal Research Laboratory 277 22.1 Description
277 22.2 Laboratory Layout
279 22.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
292 22.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
296 22.5 Special Requirements
297 23 Microelectronics and Cleanroom Laboratories 299 23.1 Description
299 23.2 Laboratory Layout
303 23.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air Conditioning
307 23.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personnel Safety
310 23.5 Special Requirements
312 23.6 Renovations
314 24 Printmaking Studio 315 24.1 Description
315 24.2 Print Studio Layout
317 24.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
318 24.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
321 PART III LABORATORY SUPPORT SERVICES 325 25 Imaging and Photographic Facilities 327 25.1 Introduction
327 25.2 Photographic And Imaging Facility Layouts
331 25.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
334 25.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
336 25.5 Special Requirements
337 26 Support Shops 339 26.1 Description
339 26.2 Layout
340 26.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
344 26.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
346 26.5 Special Requirements
346 27 Hazardous Chemical
Radioactive
and Biological Waste-Handling Rooms 348 27.1 Guiding Concepts
348 27.2 Layout
351 27.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
356 27.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
358 27.5 Special Requirements
358 28 Laboratory Storerooms 360 28.1 Description
360 28.2 Layout
363 28.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
366 28.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
367 28.5 Special Requirements
368 PART IV HVAC SYSTEMS 369 29 HVAC Systems 371 29.1 Description
371 29.2 Air-Conditioning Systems
371 29.3 HVAC System Design and Description
376 29.4 System Descriptions and Strategies
377 29.5 Humidification and Dehumidification
386 29.6 Space Pressure Control
389 29.7 Automatic Control System
391 30 Fans 392 30.1 Fan Terminology
392 30.2 Exhaust Fan Specifications
393 30.3 Atmospheric Dispersion
394 30.4 Fan Laws
394 30.5 Fan Selection
395 30.6 Fan Performance
396 31 Air Cleaning 397 31.1 Introduction
397 31.2 Air-Cleaning Equipment for Laboratories
398 32 Laboratory Hoods and Other Exhaust Air Contaminant-Capture Facilities and Equipment 404 32.1 Introduction
404 32.2 Conventional Bypass Chemical Fume Hoods
405 32.3 Auxiliary Air Chemical Fume Hoods
409 32.4 Perchloric Acid Fume Hoods
411 32.5 Hoods for Work With Radioactive Materials
411 32.6 Variable Air-Volume Hoods
411 32.7 High-Performance Hoods
412 32.8 Gloveboxes
412 32.9 Biological Safety Cabinets
413 32.10 Capture (Exterior) Hoods
416 32.11 Ductless Hoods
416 32.12 Performance Tests
420 33 Exhaust Air Ducts and Accessories 422 33.1 Introduction
422 33.2 Exhust Duct Considerations
423 33.3 Exhust System Classification
424 33.4 Duct Accessories
424 34 Variable-Air-Volume Systems 426 34.1 Introduction
426 34.2 VAV Hoods
427 34.3 Good Design Practices for Vav Systems
428 34.4 Variable-Volume Exhaust System Operational Concept
428 34.5 VAV System Controls and Components
429 34.6 VAV System Fan Controls and Components
431 34.7 VAV System Duct Configurations
434 35 Energy Conservation 436 35.1 Introduction
436 35.2 Recent Trends
437 35.3 Exhaust Ventilation for Contamination Control
440 35.4 Lighting
448 35.5 Thermal Insulation
448 35.6 Humidity Control
448 35.7 Evaporative Cooling
449 35.8 Water Conservation
449 35.9 Efficient Operating Strategies
449 PART V ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES 451 36 Project Execution and Bidding Procedures 453 36.1 Guiding Concepts
453 36.2 Implementation
454 36.3 Bid Form
456 36.4 Contract
457 36.5 Change Orders
457 36.6 Construction Inspections
458 36.7 Punch List
458 36.8 Additional Testing and Acceptance
458 36.9 Beneficial Occupancy
459 36.10 Final Acceptance and Commissioning
459 37 Commissioning and Final Acceptance Criteria 460 37.1 Guiding Concepts
460 37.2 Design
Construction
and Preoccupancy Checklists
460 37.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
462 37.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
466 37.5 Project Commissioning
467 38 Sustainable Laboratory Design 471 38.1 Introduction
471 38.2 Laboratory Construction Materials
472 38.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
474 38.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
477 38.5 Miscellaneous Services
477 38.6 Lighting
478 38.7 Submetering
479 38.8 Additional Background Material
479 PART VI APPENDIXES 481 Appendix A Emergency Showers 483 Appendix B Emergency Eyewash Units 485 Appendix C Signs 486 Appendix D Stack Design 489 Appendix E Matrix of Building Consideration for Specific Laboratory Types 495 REFERENCES 500 INDEX 509
FOREWORD xv PREFACE xvii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix ABOUT THE AUTHORS xxi ABBREVIATIONS xxiii UNITS xxv ORGANIZATIONS REFERENCED xxvii INTRODUCTION xxix How to Use This Book
xxx Book Organization
xxxi Computational Fluid Dynamics
xxxiii PART IA COMMON ELEMENTS OF LABORATORY DESIGN 1 1 Building Considerations 3 1.1 Guiding Concepts
3 1.2 Building Layout
3 1.3 Guiding Principles for Building Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
44 1.4 Guiding Concepts for Laboratory Building Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
51 1.5 Miscellaneous Services
56 2 Laboratory Considerations 65 PART IB COMMON ELEMENTS OF RENOVATIONS 109 3 Renovations: Building Considerations 123 3.1 Guiding Concepts
123 3.2 Building Layout
125 3.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
129 3.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
133 3.5 Miscellaneous Services
134 4 Renovations: Laboratory Considerations 136 4.1 Guiding Concepts
136 4.2 Laboratory Layout
137 4.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
138 4.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
138 PART II DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR A NUMBER OF COMMONLY USED LABORATORIES 141 5 General or Analytical Chemistry Laboratory 143 5.1 Description
143 5.2 Laboratory Layout
144 5.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
146 5.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
149 5.5 Special Requirements
149 6 High-Toxicity Laboratory 150 6.1 Description
150 6.2 Laboratory Layout
151 6.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
153 6.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
154 6.5 Special Requirements
155 7 Nanotechnology Laboratories 156 7.1 Description
156 7.2 Laboratory Layout
156 7.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
157 7.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
158 8 Engineering Laboratories 160 8.1 Description
160 8.2 Engineering Disciplines and Some of Their Most Common Laboratory Types
160 8.3 Wind Tunnel Laboratory
161 8.4 Jet and Rocket Propulsion Laboratory
162 8.5 Hydraulics Laboratory
164 8.6 Material Analysis and Testing Laboratory
165 8.7 Electrical Circuits
Motors
and Generators Laboratory
165 8.8 Foundry Laboratory
167 8.9 Internal Combustion and Gas Turbine Engine Laboratory
169 9 Pilot Plant: Chemical
Engineering
and Biological 173 9.1 Description
173 9.2 Pilot Plant Layout
174 9.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
174 9.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
175 9.5 Special Requirements
175 10 Physics Laboratory 177 10.1 Description
177 10.2 Laboratory Layout
178 10.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
179 10.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
179 10.5 Special Requirements
181 11 Controlled Environment Room: Hot or Cold 182 11.1 Description
182 11.2 Laboratory Layout
183 11.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
183 11.4 Loss Prevention
185 11.5 Special Requirements
185 12 High-Pressure Laboratory 187 12.1 Description
187 12.2 Laboratory Layout
188 12.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
188 12.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
189 12.5 Special Requirements
189 13 Radiation Laboratory 190 13.1 Description
190 13.2 Laboratory Layout
191 13.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
194 13.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
195 13.5 Special Considerations
195 14 Biosafety Laboratory 196 14.1 Description
196 14.2 Laboratory Layout
202 14.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
212 14.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
213 14.5 Special Requirements
213 15 Clinical Laboratories 216 15.1 Description
216 15.2 Laboratory Layout
218 15.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
222 15.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
223 16 Teaching Laboratory 227 16.1 Description
227 16.2 Laboratory Layout
228 16.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
234 16.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
235 17 Gross Anatomy Laboratory 238 17.1 Description
238 17.2 Laboratory Layout
239 17.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
243 17.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
244 17.5 Security
245 18 Pathology Laboratory 246 18.1 Description
246 18.2 Laboratory Layout
249 18.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
251 18.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
251 18.5 Special Requirements
252 19 Autopsy Laboratory 253 19.1 Description
253 19.2 Laboratory Layout
255 19.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
260 19.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
261 20 Morgue Facility 262 20.1 Description
262 20.2 Laboratory Layout
265 20.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
269 20.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
269 21 Open or Team Research Laboratory 271 21.1 Description
271 21.2 Laboratory Layout
272 21.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
275 21.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
275 21.5 Special Considerations
276 22 Animal Research Laboratory 277 22.1 Description
277 22.2 Laboratory Layout
279 22.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
292 22.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
296 22.5 Special Requirements
297 23 Microelectronics and Cleanroom Laboratories 299 23.1 Description
299 23.2 Laboratory Layout
303 23.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air Conditioning
307 23.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personnel Safety
310 23.5 Special Requirements
312 23.6 Renovations
314 24 Printmaking Studio 315 24.1 Description
315 24.2 Print Studio Layout
317 24.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
318 24.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
321 PART III LABORATORY SUPPORT SERVICES 325 25 Imaging and Photographic Facilities 327 25.1 Introduction
327 25.2 Photographic And Imaging Facility Layouts
331 25.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
334 25.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
336 25.5 Special Requirements
337 26 Support Shops 339 26.1 Description
339 26.2 Layout
340 26.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
344 26.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
346 26.5 Special Requirements
346 27 Hazardous Chemical
Radioactive
and Biological Waste-Handling Rooms 348 27.1 Guiding Concepts
348 27.2 Layout
351 27.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
356 27.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
358 27.5 Special Requirements
358 28 Laboratory Storerooms 360 28.1 Description
360 28.2 Layout
363 28.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
366 28.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
367 28.5 Special Requirements
368 PART IV HVAC SYSTEMS 369 29 HVAC Systems 371 29.1 Description
371 29.2 Air-Conditioning Systems
371 29.3 HVAC System Design and Description
376 29.4 System Descriptions and Strategies
377 29.5 Humidification and Dehumidification
386 29.6 Space Pressure Control
389 29.7 Automatic Control System
391 30 Fans 392 30.1 Fan Terminology
392 30.2 Exhaust Fan Specifications
393 30.3 Atmospheric Dispersion
394 30.4 Fan Laws
394 30.5 Fan Selection
395 30.6 Fan Performance
396 31 Air Cleaning 397 31.1 Introduction
397 31.2 Air-Cleaning Equipment for Laboratories
398 32 Laboratory Hoods and Other Exhaust Air Contaminant-Capture Facilities and Equipment 404 32.1 Introduction
404 32.2 Conventional Bypass Chemical Fume Hoods
405 32.3 Auxiliary Air Chemical Fume Hoods
409 32.4 Perchloric Acid Fume Hoods
411 32.5 Hoods for Work With Radioactive Materials
411 32.6 Variable Air-Volume Hoods
411 32.7 High-Performance Hoods
412 32.8 Gloveboxes
412 32.9 Biological Safety Cabinets
413 32.10 Capture (Exterior) Hoods
416 32.11 Ductless Hoods
416 32.12 Performance Tests
420 33 Exhaust Air Ducts and Accessories 422 33.1 Introduction
422 33.2 Exhust Duct Considerations
423 33.3 Exhust System Classification
424 33.4 Duct Accessories
424 34 Variable-Air-Volume Systems 426 34.1 Introduction
426 34.2 VAV Hoods
427 34.3 Good Design Practices for Vav Systems
428 34.4 Variable-Volume Exhaust System Operational Concept
428 34.5 VAV System Controls and Components
429 34.6 VAV System Fan Controls and Components
431 34.7 VAV System Duct Configurations
434 35 Energy Conservation 436 35.1 Introduction
436 35.2 Recent Trends
437 35.3 Exhaust Ventilation for Contamination Control
440 35.4 Lighting
448 35.5 Thermal Insulation
448 35.6 Humidity Control
448 35.7 Evaporative Cooling
449 35.8 Water Conservation
449 35.9 Efficient Operating Strategies
449 PART V ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES 451 36 Project Execution and Bidding Procedures 453 36.1 Guiding Concepts
453 36.2 Implementation
454 36.3 Bid Form
456 36.4 Contract
457 36.5 Change Orders
457 36.6 Construction Inspections
458 36.7 Punch List
458 36.8 Additional Testing and Acceptance
458 36.9 Beneficial Occupancy
459 36.10 Final Acceptance and Commissioning
459 37 Commissioning and Final Acceptance Criteria 460 37.1 Guiding Concepts
460 37.2 Design
Construction
and Preoccupancy Checklists
460 37.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
462 37.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
466 37.5 Project Commissioning
467 38 Sustainable Laboratory Design 471 38.1 Introduction
471 38.2 Laboratory Construction Materials
472 38.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
474 38.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
477 38.5 Miscellaneous Services
477 38.6 Lighting
478 38.7 Submetering
479 38.8 Additional Background Material
479 PART VI APPENDIXES 481 Appendix A Emergency Showers 483 Appendix B Emergency Eyewash Units 485 Appendix C Signs 486 Appendix D Stack Design 489 Appendix E Matrix of Building Consideration for Specific Laboratory Types 495 REFERENCES 500 INDEX 509
xxx Book Organization
xxxi Computational Fluid Dynamics
xxxiii PART IA COMMON ELEMENTS OF LABORATORY DESIGN 1 1 Building Considerations 3 1.1 Guiding Concepts
3 1.2 Building Layout
3 1.3 Guiding Principles for Building Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
44 1.4 Guiding Concepts for Laboratory Building Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
51 1.5 Miscellaneous Services
56 2 Laboratory Considerations 65 PART IB COMMON ELEMENTS OF RENOVATIONS 109 3 Renovations: Building Considerations 123 3.1 Guiding Concepts
123 3.2 Building Layout
125 3.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
129 3.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
133 3.5 Miscellaneous Services
134 4 Renovations: Laboratory Considerations 136 4.1 Guiding Concepts
136 4.2 Laboratory Layout
137 4.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Systems
138 4.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
138 PART II DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR A NUMBER OF COMMONLY USED LABORATORIES 141 5 General or Analytical Chemistry Laboratory 143 5.1 Description
143 5.2 Laboratory Layout
144 5.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
146 5.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
149 5.5 Special Requirements
149 6 High-Toxicity Laboratory 150 6.1 Description
150 6.2 Laboratory Layout
151 6.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
153 6.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
154 6.5 Special Requirements
155 7 Nanotechnology Laboratories 156 7.1 Description
156 7.2 Laboratory Layout
156 7.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
157 7.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
158 8 Engineering Laboratories 160 8.1 Description
160 8.2 Engineering Disciplines and Some of Their Most Common Laboratory Types
160 8.3 Wind Tunnel Laboratory
161 8.4 Jet and Rocket Propulsion Laboratory
162 8.5 Hydraulics Laboratory
164 8.6 Material Analysis and Testing Laboratory
165 8.7 Electrical Circuits
Motors
and Generators Laboratory
165 8.8 Foundry Laboratory
167 8.9 Internal Combustion and Gas Turbine Engine Laboratory
169 9 Pilot Plant: Chemical
Engineering
and Biological 173 9.1 Description
173 9.2 Pilot Plant Layout
174 9.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
174 9.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
175 9.5 Special Requirements
175 10 Physics Laboratory 177 10.1 Description
177 10.2 Laboratory Layout
178 10.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
179 10.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
179 10.5 Special Requirements
181 11 Controlled Environment Room: Hot or Cold 182 11.1 Description
182 11.2 Laboratory Layout
183 11.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
183 11.4 Loss Prevention
185 11.5 Special Requirements
185 12 High-Pressure Laboratory 187 12.1 Description
187 12.2 Laboratory Layout
188 12.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
188 12.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
189 12.5 Special Requirements
189 13 Radiation Laboratory 190 13.1 Description
190 13.2 Laboratory Layout
191 13.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
194 13.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
195 13.5 Special Considerations
195 14 Biosafety Laboratory 196 14.1 Description
196 14.2 Laboratory Layout
202 14.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
212 14.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
213 14.5 Special Requirements
213 15 Clinical Laboratories 216 15.1 Description
216 15.2 Laboratory Layout
218 15.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
222 15.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
223 16 Teaching Laboratory 227 16.1 Description
227 16.2 Laboratory Layout
228 16.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
234 16.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
235 17 Gross Anatomy Laboratory 238 17.1 Description
238 17.2 Laboratory Layout
239 17.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
243 17.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
244 17.5 Security
245 18 Pathology Laboratory 246 18.1 Description
246 18.2 Laboratory Layout
249 18.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
251 18.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
251 18.5 Special Requirements
252 19 Autopsy Laboratory 253 19.1 Description
253 19.2 Laboratory Layout
255 19.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
260 19.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
261 20 Morgue Facility 262 20.1 Description
262 20.2 Laboratory Layout
265 20.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
269 20.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
269 21 Open or Team Research Laboratory 271 21.1 Description
271 21.2 Laboratory Layout
272 21.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
275 21.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
275 21.5 Special Considerations
276 22 Animal Research Laboratory 277 22.1 Description
277 22.2 Laboratory Layout
279 22.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
292 22.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
296 22.5 Special Requirements
297 23 Microelectronics and Cleanroom Laboratories 299 23.1 Description
299 23.2 Laboratory Layout
303 23.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air Conditioning
307 23.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personnel Safety
310 23.5 Special Requirements
312 23.6 Renovations
314 24 Printmaking Studio 315 24.1 Description
315 24.2 Print Studio Layout
317 24.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
318 24.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
321 PART III LABORATORY SUPPORT SERVICES 325 25 Imaging and Photographic Facilities 327 25.1 Introduction
327 25.2 Photographic And Imaging Facility Layouts
331 25.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
334 25.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
336 25.5 Special Requirements
337 26 Support Shops 339 26.1 Description
339 26.2 Layout
340 26.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
344 26.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
346 26.5 Special Requirements
346 27 Hazardous Chemical
Radioactive
and Biological Waste-Handling Rooms 348 27.1 Guiding Concepts
348 27.2 Layout
351 27.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
356 27.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
358 27.5 Special Requirements
358 28 Laboratory Storerooms 360 28.1 Description
360 28.2 Layout
363 28.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
366 28.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
367 28.5 Special Requirements
368 PART IV HVAC SYSTEMS 369 29 HVAC Systems 371 29.1 Description
371 29.2 Air-Conditioning Systems
371 29.3 HVAC System Design and Description
376 29.4 System Descriptions and Strategies
377 29.5 Humidification and Dehumidification
386 29.6 Space Pressure Control
389 29.7 Automatic Control System
391 30 Fans 392 30.1 Fan Terminology
392 30.2 Exhaust Fan Specifications
393 30.3 Atmospheric Dispersion
394 30.4 Fan Laws
394 30.5 Fan Selection
395 30.6 Fan Performance
396 31 Air Cleaning 397 31.1 Introduction
397 31.2 Air-Cleaning Equipment for Laboratories
398 32 Laboratory Hoods and Other Exhaust Air Contaminant-Capture Facilities and Equipment 404 32.1 Introduction
404 32.2 Conventional Bypass Chemical Fume Hoods
405 32.3 Auxiliary Air Chemical Fume Hoods
409 32.4 Perchloric Acid Fume Hoods
411 32.5 Hoods for Work With Radioactive Materials
411 32.6 Variable Air-Volume Hoods
411 32.7 High-Performance Hoods
412 32.8 Gloveboxes
412 32.9 Biological Safety Cabinets
413 32.10 Capture (Exterior) Hoods
416 32.11 Ductless Hoods
416 32.12 Performance Tests
420 33 Exhaust Air Ducts and Accessories 422 33.1 Introduction
422 33.2 Exhust Duct Considerations
423 33.3 Exhust System Classification
424 33.4 Duct Accessories
424 34 Variable-Air-Volume Systems 426 34.1 Introduction
426 34.2 VAV Hoods
427 34.3 Good Design Practices for Vav Systems
428 34.4 Variable-Volume Exhaust System Operational Concept
428 34.5 VAV System Controls and Components
429 34.6 VAV System Fan Controls and Components
431 34.7 VAV System Duct Configurations
434 35 Energy Conservation 436 35.1 Introduction
436 35.2 Recent Trends
437 35.3 Exhaust Ventilation for Contamination Control
440 35.4 Lighting
448 35.5 Thermal Insulation
448 35.6 Humidity Control
448 35.7 Evaporative Cooling
449 35.8 Water Conservation
449 35.9 Efficient Operating Strategies
449 PART V ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES 451 36 Project Execution and Bidding Procedures 453 36.1 Guiding Concepts
453 36.2 Implementation
454 36.3 Bid Form
456 36.4 Contract
457 36.5 Change Orders
457 36.6 Construction Inspections
458 36.7 Punch List
458 36.8 Additional Testing and Acceptance
458 36.9 Beneficial Occupancy
459 36.10 Final Acceptance and Commissioning
459 37 Commissioning and Final Acceptance Criteria 460 37.1 Guiding Concepts
460 37.2 Design
Construction
and Preoccupancy Checklists
460 37.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
462 37.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
466 37.5 Project Commissioning
467 38 Sustainable Laboratory Design 471 38.1 Introduction
471 38.2 Laboratory Construction Materials
472 38.3 Heating
Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning
474 38.4 Loss Prevention
Industrial Hygiene
and Personal Safety
477 38.5 Miscellaneous Services
477 38.6 Lighting
478 38.7 Submetering
479 38.8 Additional Background Material
479 PART VI APPENDIXES 481 Appendix A Emergency Showers 483 Appendix B Emergency Eyewash Units 485 Appendix C Signs 486 Appendix D Stack Design 489 Appendix E Matrix of Building Consideration for Specific Laboratory Types 495 REFERENCES 500 INDEX 509