Fitim Uka (Ludwig Maximilian University, Ge University of Freiburg
The Internal Cohesion Theory and Psychotherapy
Fitim Uka (Ludwig Maximilian University, Ge University of Freiburg
The Internal Cohesion Theory and Psychotherapy
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A novel integrative approach to psychotherapy targeting various aspects of human functioning across temporal dimensions The Internal Cohesion Theory and Psychotherapy offers a novel approach to understanding human psychological experiences and fostering internal cohesion to maintain optimal mental health or prevent the development of psycho-emotional and psycho-social disorders. In this groundbreaking book, renowned scholar in psychotherapy research, policy, and practice Dr. Fitim Uka presents a holistic framework-Internal Cohesion Psychotherapy (ICP)-to help practitioners reshape their…mehr
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A novel integrative approach to psychotherapy targeting various aspects of human functioning across temporal dimensions The Internal Cohesion Theory and Psychotherapy offers a novel approach to understanding human psychological experiences and fostering internal cohesion to maintain optimal mental health or prevent the development of psycho-emotional and psycho-social disorders. In this groundbreaking book, renowned scholar in psychotherapy research, policy, and practice Dr. Fitim Uka presents a holistic framework-Internal Cohesion Psychotherapy (ICP)-to help practitioners reshape their clients' connections with their past, present, and future experiences. Rooted in Internal Cohesion Theory, ICP integrates evidence-based knowledge in the fields of psychology and psychotherapy, seeking to harmonize the intrapersonal, interpersonal, professional, and spiritual to create positive change in people's lives and support well-being. Dr. Uka provides step-by-step guidance on developing efficient and effective treatment plans in a variety of treatment environments while demonstrating how appreciating the complexity of the therapeutic relationship can minimize the impact of adversity on clients. Featuring a wealth of real-world insights and concise guidelines for practitioners wanting to implement ICP in their practice, The Internal Cohesion Theory and Psychotherapy an indispensable resource for all clinicians, researchers, social workers, therapists, psychologists, and policymakers devoted to improving individual and collective mental health worldwide.
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Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons Inc
- Seitenzahl: 176
- Erscheinungstermin: 16. Dezember 2024
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 229mm x 152mm x 10mm
- Gewicht: 256g
- ISBN-13: 9781394291342
- ISBN-10: 1394291345
- Artikelnr.: 71265916
- Herstellerkennzeichnung
- Produktsicherheitsverantwortliche/r
- Europaallee 1
- 36244 Bad Hersfeld
- gpsr@libri.de
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons Inc
- Seitenzahl: 176
- Erscheinungstermin: 16. Dezember 2024
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 229mm x 152mm x 10mm
- Gewicht: 256g
- ISBN-13: 9781394291342
- ISBN-10: 1394291345
- Artikelnr.: 71265916
- Herstellerkennzeichnung
- Produktsicherheitsverantwortliche/r
- Europaallee 1
- 36244 Bad Hersfeld
- gpsr@libri.de
FITIM UKA, PhD, is a Professor of Psychology at the University of Prishtina, Kosovo, where he teaches courses in the field of clinical psychology. A distinguished psychologist and psychotherapist, Dr. Uka brings a wealth of theoretical knowledge and expertise to the field. His research is widely published in leading peer-reviewed journals. He led the Psychosocial and Medical Research Center in Kosovo, which aimed to provide a reliable source of research for evidence-based interventions. He is currently the Director of the multidisciplinary Empatia Clinic (Klinika Empatia) where he applies the psychotherapy of Internal Cohesion.
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvii
1 Toward a New Eclectic Approach 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Psychopharmacology and/or Psychotherapy 2
1.2.1 What Is the Solution? 3
1.3 The Dilemma of Choosing Among Hundreds of Psychotherapeutic Approaches
3
1.4 The Ever- Present Challenges of Psychotherapy 4
1.5 Looking for Answers 5
1.5.1 A Case Study 5
1.5.2 More than One Solution 6
1.5.3 Why Not Just One Time? 7
1.5.4 Why Not Just One Factor? 8
1.5.5 Why Not Independent Development? 8
1.5.6 A Different Point of View 8
1.6 Four Conclusions at the Beginning of the Book 9
2 Internal Cohesion Theory as an Alternative 11
2.1 The Intersection of Time and Human Experience 12
2.2 What Is Time? 12
2.3 Life as a Reflection of Time, and Time as the Source of Problems and
Solutions 13
2.4 On the Past 14
2.5 On the Present 15
2.6 On the Future 16
2.7 On Internal Cohesion as a Prerequisite for Psychological Health 16
3 Systems of Internal Cohesion Psychotherapy 19
3.1 The Structure of Internal Cohesion Systems 20
3.2 How Does the Dynamic System Work? 20
3.2.1 Internal and External Assets 21
3.3 Internal Cohesion Systems- A Closer Look 21
3.3.1 Intrapersonal System 21
3.3.1.1 Self- Regulation Skills 22
3.3.1.2 Self- esteem 23
3.3.1.3 Motivation 23
3.3.1.4 Other Important Factors in the Intrapersonal System 24
3.3.2 Interpersonal Relationships 24
3.3.3 Professional Relationships 25
3.3.3.1 Accomplishing Life Goals 26
3.3.4 Spiritual Relationships 27
4 An Evidence- based Theory and Therapy 29
4.1 Methodology 29
4.1.1 Procedure, Measures, and Statistical Analytical Strategy 30
4.2 Results 31
4.2.1 Nothing Is Over "Now": The Effect of Time on The Client's
Relationship with Systems 31
4.2.2 There Are No Independent Factors: The Interconnectedness of the
Factors and Systems 34
4.2.3 Systems Development Is Interdependent: Interrelationships Between
Systems over Time 37
4.2.4 Independence Is Non- existent: All Systems Rely on Each Other and Are
Subject to Temporal Influence 42
5 The Source of Problems and Mental Disorders Through the Lens of ICP 45
6 How to Intervene? The New Path Deriving from the ICP Perspective 51
6.1 The Purpose of Therapy 51
6.2 Intervening in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the Past
52
6.3 Intervening in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the
Present 53
6.4 Intervention in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the
Future 53
6.5 Time- A Valuable Intervention Asset 54
6.6 Intervention in the Relationship of the Individual with the Systems 54
6.6.1 Intervention in the Intrapersonal Relationship 55
6.6.1.1 Self- Regulatory Skills 55
6.6.1.2 Motivation 56
6.6.1.3 Self- Esteem 56
6.6.2 Intervention in Interpersonal Relationships 57
6.6.3 Intervention in Professional Relationships 58
6.6.4 Intervention in the Spiritual Relationship 59
6.7 The Therapeutic Process in ICP 60
6.7.1 First Stage: Get to Know the Client 60
6.7.2 Stage Two: Understand 61
6.7.3 Stage Three: Evaluate 62
6.7.4 Stage Four: Analyze 62
6.7.5 Stage Five: Accept 63
6.7.6 Stage Six: Confront (Cognition) 63
6.7.7 Stage Seven: Plan 64
6.7.8 Stage Eight: Intervene (Behavior) 64
6.7.9 Stage Nine: Reevaluate 64
6.7.10 Stage Ten: Release 65
6.8 Internal Cohesion Therapists 65
7 Therapeutic Techniques of ICP 67
7.1 Movement in Time 67
7.1.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Movement in Time" 68
7.2 Honest Intracommunication 69
7.2.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Honest Intracommunication" 69
7.3 Multiple Reflections 70
7.3.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Multiple Reflections" 70
7.4 The Client as the Therapist 71
7.4.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The Client as the Therapist" 72
7.5 Acceptance and Embrace of the Past 72
7.5.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Acceptance and Embrace of the
Past" 73
7.6 Embrace and/or Transform 74
7.6.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Embrace and/or Transform" 74
7.7 Functional Scenario Exploration 74
7.7.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Functional Scenario Exploration"
75
7.8 Compensation 76
7.8.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Compensation" 76
7.9 Strength- Based Self- Evaluation List 77
7.9.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Strength- Based Self- Evaluation
List" 78
7.10 Integrated Processing and Boundary Setting 78
7.10.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Integrated Processing and
Boundary Setting" 79
7.11 Spiritual Reflection 79
7.11.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Spiritual Reflection" 80
7.12 Listing, Weighing, and Addressing 80
7.12.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Listing, Weighing, and
Addressing" 81
7.13 Rational Planning 82
7.13.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Rational Planning" 82
7.14 Time- Framed Visioning 83
7.14.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Time- Framed Visioning" 83
7.15 The Routine Change 84
7.15.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The Routine Change" 84
7.16 The New Challenge 85
7.16.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The New Challenge" 85
7.17 Time Awareness Journaling 86
7.17.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Time Awareness Journaling" 86
7.18 Artistic Exploration for Internal Cohesion 87
7.18.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Artistic Exploration for
Internal Cohesion" 87
7.19 Narrative Reconstruction 88
7.19.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Narrative Reconstruction" 89
7.20 Relationship- Centered Communication 89
7.20.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Relationship- Centered
Communication" 90
7.21 Album Therapy for Family Dynamics 91
7.21.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Album Therapy for Family
Dynamics" 91
7.22 Worst- Case Scenarios 92
7.22.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Worst- Case Scenarios" 92
7.23 Whole Canvas Perspective 93
7.23.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying the "Whole Canvas Perspective" 94
7.24 Prayer, Forgiveness, and Meditation 94
7.24.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Prayer, Forgiveness, and
Meditation" 94
7.25 "Things I Would Never Do" 95
7.25.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Things I Would Never Do" 95
7.26 Hypothetical Situations 96
7.26.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Hypothetical Situations" 97
7.27 Who Are You Today, and to Whom Is It Attributed? 97
7.27.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Who Are You Today, and to Whom
Is It Attributed?" 97
7.28 Achievement Reflection List 98
7.28.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Achievement Reflection List" 98
7.29 Adversity as Opportunity 99
7.29.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Adversity as Opportunity" 99
7.30 Purposeful Yes or No Assessment 100
7.30.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Purposeful Yes or No Assessment"
100
7.31 Emotion Diary 101
7.31.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Emotion Diary" 101
7.32 Psychoeducation 102
7.32.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Psychoeducation" 102
7.33 Homework 103
7.33.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Homework" 103
7.34 Other ICP Techniques and Strategies 104
8 Testing the Effectiveness of ICP 105
8.1 Sample and Procedure 105
8.2 Research Equipment 106
8.2.1 Instruments 106
8.2.2 Interviewing Protocol 108
8.3 Data Analysis 108
8.4 Results 109
8.4.1 Intrapersonal System 109
8.4.1.1 Self- regulation 111
8.4.1.2 Self- esteem 112
8.4.1.3 Motivation 113
8.4.2 Interpersonal System 114
8.4.2.1 Relationships with Family 116
8.4.2.2 Relationships with Friends 118
8.4.2.3 Relationships with Others 119
8.4.3 Professional System 120
8.4.4 Spiritual System 122
8.5 The Influence of ICP on Mental Health Outcomes 124
9 Application, Limitations, and Perspective of ICP 127
10 The Ending as a New Beginning! 131
Appendix A 133
References 141
Index 151
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvii
1 Toward a New Eclectic Approach 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Psychopharmacology and/or Psychotherapy 2
1.2.1 What Is the Solution? 3
1.3 The Dilemma of Choosing Among Hundreds of Psychotherapeutic Approaches
3
1.4 The Ever- Present Challenges of Psychotherapy 4
1.5 Looking for Answers 5
1.5.1 A Case Study 5
1.5.2 More than One Solution 6
1.5.3 Why Not Just One Time? 7
1.5.4 Why Not Just One Factor? 8
1.5.5 Why Not Independent Development? 8
1.5.6 A Different Point of View 8
1.6 Four Conclusions at the Beginning of the Book 9
2 Internal Cohesion Theory as an Alternative 11
2.1 The Intersection of Time and Human Experience 12
2.2 What Is Time? 12
2.3 Life as a Reflection of Time, and Time as the Source of Problems and
Solutions 13
2.4 On the Past 14
2.5 On the Present 15
2.6 On the Future 16
2.7 On Internal Cohesion as a Prerequisite for Psychological Health 16
3 Systems of Internal Cohesion Psychotherapy 19
3.1 The Structure of Internal Cohesion Systems 20
3.2 How Does the Dynamic System Work? 20
3.2.1 Internal and External Assets 21
3.3 Internal Cohesion Systems- A Closer Look 21
3.3.1 Intrapersonal System 21
3.3.1.1 Self- Regulation Skills 22
3.3.1.2 Self- esteem 23
3.3.1.3 Motivation 23
3.3.1.4 Other Important Factors in the Intrapersonal System 24
3.3.2 Interpersonal Relationships 24
3.3.3 Professional Relationships 25
3.3.3.1 Accomplishing Life Goals 26
3.3.4 Spiritual Relationships 27
4 An Evidence- based Theory and Therapy 29
4.1 Methodology 29
4.1.1 Procedure, Measures, and Statistical Analytical Strategy 30
4.2 Results 31
4.2.1 Nothing Is Over "Now": The Effect of Time on The Client's
Relationship with Systems 31
4.2.2 There Are No Independent Factors: The Interconnectedness of the
Factors and Systems 34
4.2.3 Systems Development Is Interdependent: Interrelationships Between
Systems over Time 37
4.2.4 Independence Is Non- existent: All Systems Rely on Each Other and Are
Subject to Temporal Influence 42
5 The Source of Problems and Mental Disorders Through the Lens of ICP 45
6 How to Intervene? The New Path Deriving from the ICP Perspective 51
6.1 The Purpose of Therapy 51
6.2 Intervening in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the Past
52
6.3 Intervening in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the
Present 53
6.4 Intervention in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the
Future 53
6.5 Time- A Valuable Intervention Asset 54
6.6 Intervention in the Relationship of the Individual with the Systems 54
6.6.1 Intervention in the Intrapersonal Relationship 55
6.6.1.1 Self- Regulatory Skills 55
6.6.1.2 Motivation 56
6.6.1.3 Self- Esteem 56
6.6.2 Intervention in Interpersonal Relationships 57
6.6.3 Intervention in Professional Relationships 58
6.6.4 Intervention in the Spiritual Relationship 59
6.7 The Therapeutic Process in ICP 60
6.7.1 First Stage: Get to Know the Client 60
6.7.2 Stage Two: Understand 61
6.7.3 Stage Three: Evaluate 62
6.7.4 Stage Four: Analyze 62
6.7.5 Stage Five: Accept 63
6.7.6 Stage Six: Confront (Cognition) 63
6.7.7 Stage Seven: Plan 64
6.7.8 Stage Eight: Intervene (Behavior) 64
6.7.9 Stage Nine: Reevaluate 64
6.7.10 Stage Ten: Release 65
6.8 Internal Cohesion Therapists 65
7 Therapeutic Techniques of ICP 67
7.1 Movement in Time 67
7.1.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Movement in Time" 68
7.2 Honest Intracommunication 69
7.2.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Honest Intracommunication" 69
7.3 Multiple Reflections 70
7.3.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Multiple Reflections" 70
7.4 The Client as the Therapist 71
7.4.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The Client as the Therapist" 72
7.5 Acceptance and Embrace of the Past 72
7.5.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Acceptance and Embrace of the
Past" 73
7.6 Embrace and/or Transform 74
7.6.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Embrace and/or Transform" 74
7.7 Functional Scenario Exploration 74
7.7.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Functional Scenario Exploration"
75
7.8 Compensation 76
7.8.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Compensation" 76
7.9 Strength- Based Self- Evaluation List 77
7.9.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Strength- Based Self- Evaluation
List" 78
7.10 Integrated Processing and Boundary Setting 78
7.10.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Integrated Processing and
Boundary Setting" 79
7.11 Spiritual Reflection 79
7.11.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Spiritual Reflection" 80
7.12 Listing, Weighing, and Addressing 80
7.12.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Listing, Weighing, and
Addressing" 81
7.13 Rational Planning 82
7.13.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Rational Planning" 82
7.14 Time- Framed Visioning 83
7.14.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Time- Framed Visioning" 83
7.15 The Routine Change 84
7.15.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The Routine Change" 84
7.16 The New Challenge 85
7.16.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The New Challenge" 85
7.17 Time Awareness Journaling 86
7.17.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Time Awareness Journaling" 86
7.18 Artistic Exploration for Internal Cohesion 87
7.18.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Artistic Exploration for
Internal Cohesion" 87
7.19 Narrative Reconstruction 88
7.19.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Narrative Reconstruction" 89
7.20 Relationship- Centered Communication 89
7.20.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Relationship- Centered
Communication" 90
7.21 Album Therapy for Family Dynamics 91
7.21.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Album Therapy for Family
Dynamics" 91
7.22 Worst- Case Scenarios 92
7.22.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Worst- Case Scenarios" 92
7.23 Whole Canvas Perspective 93
7.23.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying the "Whole Canvas Perspective" 94
7.24 Prayer, Forgiveness, and Meditation 94
7.24.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Prayer, Forgiveness, and
Meditation" 94
7.25 "Things I Would Never Do" 95
7.25.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Things I Would Never Do" 95
7.26 Hypothetical Situations 96
7.26.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Hypothetical Situations" 97
7.27 Who Are You Today, and to Whom Is It Attributed? 97
7.27.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Who Are You Today, and to Whom
Is It Attributed?" 97
7.28 Achievement Reflection List 98
7.28.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Achievement Reflection List" 98
7.29 Adversity as Opportunity 99
7.29.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Adversity as Opportunity" 99
7.30 Purposeful Yes or No Assessment 100
7.30.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Purposeful Yes or No Assessment"
100
7.31 Emotion Diary 101
7.31.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Emotion Diary" 101
7.32 Psychoeducation 102
7.32.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Psychoeducation" 102
7.33 Homework 103
7.33.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Homework" 103
7.34 Other ICP Techniques and Strategies 104
8 Testing the Effectiveness of ICP 105
8.1 Sample and Procedure 105
8.2 Research Equipment 106
8.2.1 Instruments 106
8.2.2 Interviewing Protocol 108
8.3 Data Analysis 108
8.4 Results 109
8.4.1 Intrapersonal System 109
8.4.1.1 Self- regulation 111
8.4.1.2 Self- esteem 112
8.4.1.3 Motivation 113
8.4.2 Interpersonal System 114
8.4.2.1 Relationships with Family 116
8.4.2.2 Relationships with Friends 118
8.4.2.3 Relationships with Others 119
8.4.3 Professional System 120
8.4.4 Spiritual System 122
8.5 The Influence of ICP on Mental Health Outcomes 124
9 Application, Limitations, and Perspective of ICP 127
10 The Ending as a New Beginning! 131
Appendix A 133
References 141
Index 151
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvii
1 Toward a New Eclectic Approach 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Psychopharmacology and/or Psychotherapy 2
1.2.1 What Is the Solution? 3
1.3 The Dilemma of Choosing Among Hundreds of Psychotherapeutic Approaches
3
1.4 The Ever- Present Challenges of Psychotherapy 4
1.5 Looking for Answers 5
1.5.1 A Case Study 5
1.5.2 More than One Solution 6
1.5.3 Why Not Just One Time? 7
1.5.4 Why Not Just One Factor? 8
1.5.5 Why Not Independent Development? 8
1.5.6 A Different Point of View 8
1.6 Four Conclusions at the Beginning of the Book 9
2 Internal Cohesion Theory as an Alternative 11
2.1 The Intersection of Time and Human Experience 12
2.2 What Is Time? 12
2.3 Life as a Reflection of Time, and Time as the Source of Problems and
Solutions 13
2.4 On the Past 14
2.5 On the Present 15
2.6 On the Future 16
2.7 On Internal Cohesion as a Prerequisite for Psychological Health 16
3 Systems of Internal Cohesion Psychotherapy 19
3.1 The Structure of Internal Cohesion Systems 20
3.2 How Does the Dynamic System Work? 20
3.2.1 Internal and External Assets 21
3.3 Internal Cohesion Systems- A Closer Look 21
3.3.1 Intrapersonal System 21
3.3.1.1 Self- Regulation Skills 22
3.3.1.2 Self- esteem 23
3.3.1.3 Motivation 23
3.3.1.4 Other Important Factors in the Intrapersonal System 24
3.3.2 Interpersonal Relationships 24
3.3.3 Professional Relationships 25
3.3.3.1 Accomplishing Life Goals 26
3.3.4 Spiritual Relationships 27
4 An Evidence- based Theory and Therapy 29
4.1 Methodology 29
4.1.1 Procedure, Measures, and Statistical Analytical Strategy 30
4.2 Results 31
4.2.1 Nothing Is Over "Now": The Effect of Time on The Client's
Relationship with Systems 31
4.2.2 There Are No Independent Factors: The Interconnectedness of the
Factors and Systems 34
4.2.3 Systems Development Is Interdependent: Interrelationships Between
Systems over Time 37
4.2.4 Independence Is Non- existent: All Systems Rely on Each Other and Are
Subject to Temporal Influence 42
5 The Source of Problems and Mental Disorders Through the Lens of ICP 45
6 How to Intervene? The New Path Deriving from the ICP Perspective 51
6.1 The Purpose of Therapy 51
6.2 Intervening in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the Past
52
6.3 Intervening in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the
Present 53
6.4 Intervention in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the
Future 53
6.5 Time- A Valuable Intervention Asset 54
6.6 Intervention in the Relationship of the Individual with the Systems 54
6.6.1 Intervention in the Intrapersonal Relationship 55
6.6.1.1 Self- Regulatory Skills 55
6.6.1.2 Motivation 56
6.6.1.3 Self- Esteem 56
6.6.2 Intervention in Interpersonal Relationships 57
6.6.3 Intervention in Professional Relationships 58
6.6.4 Intervention in the Spiritual Relationship 59
6.7 The Therapeutic Process in ICP 60
6.7.1 First Stage: Get to Know the Client 60
6.7.2 Stage Two: Understand 61
6.7.3 Stage Three: Evaluate 62
6.7.4 Stage Four: Analyze 62
6.7.5 Stage Five: Accept 63
6.7.6 Stage Six: Confront (Cognition) 63
6.7.7 Stage Seven: Plan 64
6.7.8 Stage Eight: Intervene (Behavior) 64
6.7.9 Stage Nine: Reevaluate 64
6.7.10 Stage Ten: Release 65
6.8 Internal Cohesion Therapists 65
7 Therapeutic Techniques of ICP 67
7.1 Movement in Time 67
7.1.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Movement in Time" 68
7.2 Honest Intracommunication 69
7.2.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Honest Intracommunication" 69
7.3 Multiple Reflections 70
7.3.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Multiple Reflections" 70
7.4 The Client as the Therapist 71
7.4.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The Client as the Therapist" 72
7.5 Acceptance and Embrace of the Past 72
7.5.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Acceptance and Embrace of the
Past" 73
7.6 Embrace and/or Transform 74
7.6.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Embrace and/or Transform" 74
7.7 Functional Scenario Exploration 74
7.7.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Functional Scenario Exploration"
75
7.8 Compensation 76
7.8.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Compensation" 76
7.9 Strength- Based Self- Evaluation List 77
7.9.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Strength- Based Self- Evaluation
List" 78
7.10 Integrated Processing and Boundary Setting 78
7.10.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Integrated Processing and
Boundary Setting" 79
7.11 Spiritual Reflection 79
7.11.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Spiritual Reflection" 80
7.12 Listing, Weighing, and Addressing 80
7.12.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Listing, Weighing, and
Addressing" 81
7.13 Rational Planning 82
7.13.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Rational Planning" 82
7.14 Time- Framed Visioning 83
7.14.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Time- Framed Visioning" 83
7.15 The Routine Change 84
7.15.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The Routine Change" 84
7.16 The New Challenge 85
7.16.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The New Challenge" 85
7.17 Time Awareness Journaling 86
7.17.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Time Awareness Journaling" 86
7.18 Artistic Exploration for Internal Cohesion 87
7.18.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Artistic Exploration for
Internal Cohesion" 87
7.19 Narrative Reconstruction 88
7.19.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Narrative Reconstruction" 89
7.20 Relationship- Centered Communication 89
7.20.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Relationship- Centered
Communication" 90
7.21 Album Therapy for Family Dynamics 91
7.21.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Album Therapy for Family
Dynamics" 91
7.22 Worst- Case Scenarios 92
7.22.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Worst- Case Scenarios" 92
7.23 Whole Canvas Perspective 93
7.23.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying the "Whole Canvas Perspective" 94
7.24 Prayer, Forgiveness, and Meditation 94
7.24.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Prayer, Forgiveness, and
Meditation" 94
7.25 "Things I Would Never Do" 95
7.25.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Things I Would Never Do" 95
7.26 Hypothetical Situations 96
7.26.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Hypothetical Situations" 97
7.27 Who Are You Today, and to Whom Is It Attributed? 97
7.27.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Who Are You Today, and to Whom
Is It Attributed?" 97
7.28 Achievement Reflection List 98
7.28.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Achievement Reflection List" 98
7.29 Adversity as Opportunity 99
7.29.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Adversity as Opportunity" 99
7.30 Purposeful Yes or No Assessment 100
7.30.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Purposeful Yes or No Assessment"
100
7.31 Emotion Diary 101
7.31.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Emotion Diary" 101
7.32 Psychoeducation 102
7.32.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Psychoeducation" 102
7.33 Homework 103
7.33.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Homework" 103
7.34 Other ICP Techniques and Strategies 104
8 Testing the Effectiveness of ICP 105
8.1 Sample and Procedure 105
8.2 Research Equipment 106
8.2.1 Instruments 106
8.2.2 Interviewing Protocol 108
8.3 Data Analysis 108
8.4 Results 109
8.4.1 Intrapersonal System 109
8.4.1.1 Self- regulation 111
8.4.1.2 Self- esteem 112
8.4.1.3 Motivation 113
8.4.2 Interpersonal System 114
8.4.2.1 Relationships with Family 116
8.4.2.2 Relationships with Friends 118
8.4.2.3 Relationships with Others 119
8.4.3 Professional System 120
8.4.4 Spiritual System 122
8.5 The Influence of ICP on Mental Health Outcomes 124
9 Application, Limitations, and Perspective of ICP 127
10 The Ending as a New Beginning! 131
Appendix A 133
References 141
Index 151
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvii
1 Toward a New Eclectic Approach 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Psychopharmacology and/or Psychotherapy 2
1.2.1 What Is the Solution? 3
1.3 The Dilemma of Choosing Among Hundreds of Psychotherapeutic Approaches
3
1.4 The Ever- Present Challenges of Psychotherapy 4
1.5 Looking for Answers 5
1.5.1 A Case Study 5
1.5.2 More than One Solution 6
1.5.3 Why Not Just One Time? 7
1.5.4 Why Not Just One Factor? 8
1.5.5 Why Not Independent Development? 8
1.5.6 A Different Point of View 8
1.6 Four Conclusions at the Beginning of the Book 9
2 Internal Cohesion Theory as an Alternative 11
2.1 The Intersection of Time and Human Experience 12
2.2 What Is Time? 12
2.3 Life as a Reflection of Time, and Time as the Source of Problems and
Solutions 13
2.4 On the Past 14
2.5 On the Present 15
2.6 On the Future 16
2.7 On Internal Cohesion as a Prerequisite for Psychological Health 16
3 Systems of Internal Cohesion Psychotherapy 19
3.1 The Structure of Internal Cohesion Systems 20
3.2 How Does the Dynamic System Work? 20
3.2.1 Internal and External Assets 21
3.3 Internal Cohesion Systems- A Closer Look 21
3.3.1 Intrapersonal System 21
3.3.1.1 Self- Regulation Skills 22
3.3.1.2 Self- esteem 23
3.3.1.3 Motivation 23
3.3.1.4 Other Important Factors in the Intrapersonal System 24
3.3.2 Interpersonal Relationships 24
3.3.3 Professional Relationships 25
3.3.3.1 Accomplishing Life Goals 26
3.3.4 Spiritual Relationships 27
4 An Evidence- based Theory and Therapy 29
4.1 Methodology 29
4.1.1 Procedure, Measures, and Statistical Analytical Strategy 30
4.2 Results 31
4.2.1 Nothing Is Over "Now": The Effect of Time on The Client's
Relationship with Systems 31
4.2.2 There Are No Independent Factors: The Interconnectedness of the
Factors and Systems 34
4.2.3 Systems Development Is Interdependent: Interrelationships Between
Systems over Time 37
4.2.4 Independence Is Non- existent: All Systems Rely on Each Other and Are
Subject to Temporal Influence 42
5 The Source of Problems and Mental Disorders Through the Lens of ICP 45
6 How to Intervene? The New Path Deriving from the ICP Perspective 51
6.1 The Purpose of Therapy 51
6.2 Intervening in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the Past
52
6.3 Intervening in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the
Present 53
6.4 Intervention in the Client's Relationship with the Systems in the
Future 53
6.5 Time- A Valuable Intervention Asset 54
6.6 Intervention in the Relationship of the Individual with the Systems 54
6.6.1 Intervention in the Intrapersonal Relationship 55
6.6.1.1 Self- Regulatory Skills 55
6.6.1.2 Motivation 56
6.6.1.3 Self- Esteem 56
6.6.2 Intervention in Interpersonal Relationships 57
6.6.3 Intervention in Professional Relationships 58
6.6.4 Intervention in the Spiritual Relationship 59
6.7 The Therapeutic Process in ICP 60
6.7.1 First Stage: Get to Know the Client 60
6.7.2 Stage Two: Understand 61
6.7.3 Stage Three: Evaluate 62
6.7.4 Stage Four: Analyze 62
6.7.5 Stage Five: Accept 63
6.7.6 Stage Six: Confront (Cognition) 63
6.7.7 Stage Seven: Plan 64
6.7.8 Stage Eight: Intervene (Behavior) 64
6.7.9 Stage Nine: Reevaluate 64
6.7.10 Stage Ten: Release 65
6.8 Internal Cohesion Therapists 65
7 Therapeutic Techniques of ICP 67
7.1 Movement in Time 67
7.1.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Movement in Time" 68
7.2 Honest Intracommunication 69
7.2.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Honest Intracommunication" 69
7.3 Multiple Reflections 70
7.3.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Multiple Reflections" 70
7.4 The Client as the Therapist 71
7.4.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The Client as the Therapist" 72
7.5 Acceptance and Embrace of the Past 72
7.5.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Acceptance and Embrace of the
Past" 73
7.6 Embrace and/or Transform 74
7.6.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Embrace and/or Transform" 74
7.7 Functional Scenario Exploration 74
7.7.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Functional Scenario Exploration"
75
7.8 Compensation 76
7.8.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Compensation" 76
7.9 Strength- Based Self- Evaluation List 77
7.9.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Strength- Based Self- Evaluation
List" 78
7.10 Integrated Processing and Boundary Setting 78
7.10.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Integrated Processing and
Boundary Setting" 79
7.11 Spiritual Reflection 79
7.11.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Spiritual Reflection" 80
7.12 Listing, Weighing, and Addressing 80
7.12.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Listing, Weighing, and
Addressing" 81
7.13 Rational Planning 82
7.13.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Rational Planning" 82
7.14 Time- Framed Visioning 83
7.14.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Time- Framed Visioning" 83
7.15 The Routine Change 84
7.15.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The Routine Change" 84
7.16 The New Challenge 85
7.16.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "The New Challenge" 85
7.17 Time Awareness Journaling 86
7.17.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Time Awareness Journaling" 86
7.18 Artistic Exploration for Internal Cohesion 87
7.18.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Artistic Exploration for
Internal Cohesion" 87
7.19 Narrative Reconstruction 88
7.19.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Narrative Reconstruction" 89
7.20 Relationship- Centered Communication 89
7.20.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Relationship- Centered
Communication" 90
7.21 Album Therapy for Family Dynamics 91
7.21.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Album Therapy for Family
Dynamics" 91
7.22 Worst- Case Scenarios 92
7.22.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Worst- Case Scenarios" 92
7.23 Whole Canvas Perspective 93
7.23.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying the "Whole Canvas Perspective" 94
7.24 Prayer, Forgiveness, and Meditation 94
7.24.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Prayer, Forgiveness, and
Meditation" 94
7.25 "Things I Would Never Do" 95
7.25.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Things I Would Never Do" 95
7.26 Hypothetical Situations 96
7.26.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Hypothetical Situations" 97
7.27 Who Are You Today, and to Whom Is It Attributed? 97
7.27.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Who Are You Today, and to Whom
Is It Attributed?" 97
7.28 Achievement Reflection List 98
7.28.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Achievement Reflection List" 98
7.29 Adversity as Opportunity 99
7.29.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Adversity as Opportunity" 99
7.30 Purposeful Yes or No Assessment 100
7.30.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Purposeful Yes or No Assessment"
100
7.31 Emotion Diary 101
7.31.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Emotion Diary" 101
7.32 Psychoeducation 102
7.32.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Psychoeducation" 102
7.33 Homework 103
7.33.1 An Illustrative Scenario: Applying "Homework" 103
7.34 Other ICP Techniques and Strategies 104
8 Testing the Effectiveness of ICP 105
8.1 Sample and Procedure 105
8.2 Research Equipment 106
8.2.1 Instruments 106
8.2.2 Interviewing Protocol 108
8.3 Data Analysis 108
8.4 Results 109
8.4.1 Intrapersonal System 109
8.4.1.1 Self- regulation 111
8.4.1.2 Self- esteem 112
8.4.1.3 Motivation 113
8.4.2 Interpersonal System 114
8.4.2.1 Relationships with Family 116
8.4.2.2 Relationships with Friends 118
8.4.2.3 Relationships with Others 119
8.4.3 Professional System 120
8.4.4 Spiritual System 122
8.5 The Influence of ICP on Mental Health Outcomes 124
9 Application, Limitations, and Perspective of ICP 127
10 The Ending as a New Beginning! 131
Appendix A 133
References 141
Index 151