One of the primal emotions of mankind is fear. Especially fear of the unknown. This principal was drawn by H. P. Lovecraft who has become one of the most significant horror writers of the 20th century, followed by many authors trying to sustain his heritage ofnew conception. By his achievements Lovecraft can be considered as the renewer of time-worn scare story and creator of modern horror writing. On the other hand Lovecraft was not appreciated in his lifetime and the widespread recognition and popularity had been waiting for decades after his death. Considering the above one may wonder why Lovecraft was appreciated only post humously despite his literary achievements. This book gives a comprehensive idea of the Lovecraftian work and hereby evidences the statement by providing ageneral idea of the development of scare story and the elaboration of his individual style. Furthermore this book gives answer to the above mentioned seemingly inconsequential question of self-contradiction by analysing the literary background of his age and the reception of his work. The analysis could be useful to everyone interested in horror in literature and its remarkable renewal by Lovecraft.