Founded with the purpose of concentrating, organizing and sending the Romanian soldiers from the former Austro-Hungarian army to Bukovina, Transylvania and Banat, this organism (recognized by the Austrian authorities) due to its leaders, understood and assumed this mission, collecting information related to the Romanian soldiers who were turning home (and who inevitably were passing through Vienna, the main railroad center of the Empire), organizing them in national military unities, ensuring the safety, the peace and the public order in Vienna and editing even a newspaper (suggestively entitled ,,Timpul Nou"/,,The New Time"). Our volume presents the context, the phases of the constitution, the structure and the activity of the Romanian Central Military Senate, the role played by general Ioan Boeriu, the relations with the Romanian Legion from Prague, the role played by the Romanians in ensuring the peace and the public order in Vienna, the impact of this Romanian national organism along with an interesting documentary material (the verbal processes registered by the military priest Gheorghe Oprean).