Carlos D. García, Karin Y. Chumbimuni-Torres, Emanuel Carrilho

Capillary Electrophoresis and Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis

Principles, Applications, and Limitations

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Providing the most current information related to separations by capillary electrophoresis and microchip capillary electrophoresis, this innovative text provides a fundamental understanding of the CE and microchip-CE and their applications, along with troubleshooting hints. Emphasizing applications, such as protein characterization, Capillary Electrophoresis and Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis covers the most fundamental aspects of electrophoretically driven separations, specific problems linked to capillary electrophoresis at the microchip scale, including microfabrication techniques, separation modes, and detection systems, and concludes with a critical discussion related to applications of the technique.

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Explores the benefits and limitations of the latest capillary electrophoresis techniques

Capillary electrophoresis and microchip capillary electrophoresis are powerful analytical tools that are particularly suited for separating and analyzing biomolecules. In comparison with traditional analytical techniques, capillary electrophoresis and microchip capillary electrophoresis offer the benefits of speed, small sample and solvent consumption, low cost, and the possibility of miniaturization.

With contributions from a team of leading analytical scientists, Capillary Electrophoresis and Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis explains how researchers can take full advantage of all the latest techniques, emphasizing applications in which capillary electrophoresis has proven superiority over other analytical approaches. The authors not only explore the benefits of each technique, but also the limitations, enabling readers to choose the most appropriate technique to analyze a particular sample.

The book's twenty-one chapters explore fundamental aspects of electrophoretically driven separations, instrumentation, sampling techniques, separation modes, detection systems, optimization strategies for method development, and applications. Specific topics include:
Critical evaluation of the use of surfactants in capillary electrophoresis
Sampling and quantitative analysis in capillary electrophoresis
Capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection
Overcoming challenges in using microchip electrophoresis for extended monitoring applications
Capillary electrophoresis of intact unfractionated heparin and related impurities
Microchip capillary electrophoresis for in situ planetary exploration

Each chapter begins with an introduction and ends with conclusions as well as references to the primary literature. Novices to the field will find this book an easy-to-follow introduction to core capillary electrophoresis techniques and methods. More experienced investigators can turn to the book for troubleshooting tips and expert advice to guide them through the most advanced applications.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley & Sons
• 1. Auflage
• Seitenzahl: 416
• Erscheinungstermin: 18. März 2013
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 286mm x 221mm x 27mm
• Gewicht: 1308g
• ISBN-13: 9780470572177
• ISBN-10: 0470572175
• Artikelnr.: 36693689

Autorenporträt

Carlos D. García, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Analytical Chemistry at the University of Texas at San Antonio, USA. His group is currently focused on the development of novel bioanalytical strategies involving microfluidics and nanomaterials. Karin Y. Chumbimuni-Torres, PhD, is a Research Associate at the University of Texas at San Antonio, USA. She is interested in pursuing the development of electrochemical biosensors and their integration to microchip-based platforms. Emanuel Carrilho, PhD, is an Associate Professor at the University of Säo Paulo, Brazil. With more than twenty-five years of experience in separation science, his group is focused on the development of analytical methods and instrumentation for bioanalyses.

Inhaltsangabe

PREFACE xvii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix

CONTRIBUTORS xxi

1 Critical Evaluation of the Use of Surfactants in Capillary Electrophoresis 1
Jessica L. Felhofer, Karin Y. Chumbimuni-Torres, Maria F. Mora, Gabrielle G. Haby, and Carlos D. Garc?´a

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Surfactants for Wall Coatings 4

1.3 Surfactants as Buffer Additives 6

1.4 Surfactants for Analyte Preconcentration 9

1.5 Surfactants and Detection in CE 14

1.6 Conclusions 16

References 17

2 Sample Stacking: A Versatile Approach for Analyte Enrichment in CE and Microchip-CE 23
Bruno Perlatti, Emanuel Carrilho, and Fernando Armani Aguiar

2.1 Introduction 23

2.2 Isotachophoresis 24

2.3 Chromatography-Based Sample Stacking 25

2.4 Methods Based on Electrophoretic Mobility and Velocity Manipulation (Electrophoretic Methods) 26

2.5 Sample Stacking in Pseudo-Stationary Phases 29

2.6 Stacking Techniques in Microchips 33

2.7 Concluding Remarks 36

References 37

3 Sampling and Quantitative Analysis in Capillary Electrophoresis 41
Petr Kuba´9n, Andrus Seiman, and Mihkel Kaljurand

3.1 Introduction 41

3.2 Injection Techniques in CE 42

3.3 Micromachined/Microchip Injection Devices 53

3.4 Automated Flow Sample Injection and Hyphenated Systems 55

3.5 Computerized Sampling and Data Analysis 57

3.6 Sampling in Portable CE Instrumentation 58

3.7 Quantitative Analysis in CE 59

3.8 Conclusions 62

References 62

4 Practical Considerations for the Design and Implementation of High-Voltage Power Supplies for Capillary and Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis 67
Lucas Blanes, Wendell Karlos Tomazelli Coltro, Renata Mayumi Saito, Claudimir Lucio do Lago, Claude Roux, and Philip Doble

4.1 Introduction 67

4.2 High-Voltage Measurement 73

4.3 Concluding Remarks 74

References 74

5 Artificial Neural Networks in Capillary Electrophoresis 77
Josef Havel, Eladia Mar?a Pe~na-Mendez, and Alberto Rojas-Hernandez

5.1 Introduction 77

5.2 Optimization in CE: From Single Variable Approach Toward Artificial Neural Networks 77

5.3 Artificial Neural Networks in Electromigration Methods 81

5.4 Conclusions 90

Acknowledgments 91

References 91

6 Improving the Separation in Microchip Electrophoresis by Surface Modification 95
M. Teresa Fernandez-Abedul, Isabel Alvarez-Martos, Francisco Javier Garc?a Alonso, and Agust?n Costa-Garc?a

6.1 Introduction 95

6.2 Strategies for Improving Separation 96

6.3 Chemical Modifiers 102

6.4 Conclusions 119

Acknowledgments 120

References 120

7 Capillary Electrophoretic Reactor and Microchip Capillary Electrophoretic Reactor: Dissociation Kinetic Analysis Method for "Complexes" Using Capillary Electrophoretic Separation Process 127
Toru Takahashi and Nobuhiko Iki

7.1 Introduction 127

7.2 Basic Concept of CER 128

7.3 Dissociation Kinetic Analysis of Metal Complexes Using a CER 129

7.4 Expanding the Scope of the CER to Measurements of Fast Dissociation Kinetics with a Half-Life from Seconds to Dozens of Seconds: Dissociation Kinetic Analysis of Metal Complexes Using a Microchip Capillary Electrophoretic Reactor (mCER) 133

7.5 Expanding the Scope of the CER to the Measurement of Slow Dissociation Kinetics with a Half-Life of Hours 135

7.6 Expanding the Scope of CER to Measurement of the Dissociation Kinetics of Biomolecular Complexes 139

7.7 Conclusions 142

References 142

8 Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection (C4D) Applied to Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) and Microchip Electrophoresis (MCE) 145
Jose Alberto Fracassi da Silva, Claudimir Lucio do Lago, Dosil Pereira de Jesus, and Wendell Karlos Tomazelli Coltro

8.1 Introduction 145

8.2 Theory of C4D 145

8.3 C4D Applied to Capillary Electrophoresis 148

8.4 C4D Applied to Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis 151

8.5 Concluding Remarks 156

Acknowledgments 157

References 157

9 Capillary Electrophoresis with Electrochemical Detection 161
Blanaid White

9.1 Principles of Electrochemical Detection 161

9.2 Interfacing Amperometric Detection to Capillary Electrophoresis 163

9.3 Interfacing Electrochemical Detection to Microfluidic Capillary Electrophoresis 168

References 173

10 Overcoming Challenges in Using Microchip Electrophoresis for Extended Monitoring Applications 177
Scott D. Noblitt and Charles S. Henry

10.1 Introduction 177

10.2 Background Electrolyte (BGE) Longevity 179

10.3 Achieving Rapid Sequential Injections 186

10.4 Robust Quantitation 192

10.5 Conclusions 197

References 198

11 Distinction of Coexisting Protein Conformations by Capillary Electrophoresis 201
Hanno Stutz

11.1 Introduction 201

11.2 Protein Misfolding and Induction of Unfolding 203

11.3 Conformational Pathologies 204

11.4 Distinction Between Conformations 205

11.5 Relevance of Conformations for Biotechnological Products 206

11.6 Conformational Elucidation--An Overview of Alternative Methods to CE 206

11.7 HPLC in Conformational Distinction 207

11.8 Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) in Conformational Separations 209

11.9 Comparison Between CE and HPLC 223

11.10 Conclusive Discussion and Method Evaluation 223

References 225

12 Capillary Electromigration Techniques for the Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites in Biological Matrices: A Critical Appraisal 229
Cristiane Masetto de Gaitani, Anderson Rodrigo Moraes de Oliveira, and Pierina Sueli Bonato

12.1 Introduction 229

12.2 Strategies to Obtain Reliable Capillary Electromigration Methods for the Bioanalysis of Drugs and Metabolites 230

12.3 Selected Applications of Capillary Electromigration Techniques in Bioanalysis 238

12.4 Concluding Remarks 243

References 243

13 Capillary Electrophoresis and Multicolor Fluorescent DNA Analysis in an Optofluidic Chip 247
Chaitanya Dongre, Hugo J.W.M. Hoekstra, and Markus Pollnau

13.1 Introduction 247

13.2 Optofluidic Integration in an Electrophoretic Microchip 248

13.3 Fluorescence Monitoring of On-Chip DNA Separation 249

13.4 Toward Ultrasensitive Fluorescence Detection 253

13.5 Multicolor Fluorescent DNA Analysis 255

13.6 Conclusions and Outlook 263

Acknowledgments 264

References 264

14 Capillary Electrophoresis of Intact Unfractionated Heparin and Related Impurities 267
Robert Weinberger

14.1 Introduction 267

14.2 Capillary Electrophoresis and Heparin 269

14.3 Method Development in Capillary Electrophoresis 269

14.4 Common Impurities Found in Heparin 272

14.5 The United States Pharmacoepia and CE of Heparin 273

14.6 Interlaboratory Collaborative Study 274

14.7 Conclusions 275

References 275

15 Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis for In Situ Planetary Exploration 277
Peter A. Willis and Amanda M. Stockton

15.1 Introduction 277

15.2 Instrument Design 279

15.3 Instrumentation External to the Microdevice 280

15.4 Microdevice Basics 282

15.5 Microdevices and their Applications 285

15.6 Conclusions 289

Acknowledgments 290

References 290

16 Rapid Analysis of Charge Heterogeneity of Monoclonal Antibodies by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis and Imaged Capillary Isoelectric Focusing 293
Yan He, Jim Mo, Xiaoping He, and Margaret Ruesch

16.1 Introduction 293

16.2 Capillary Zone Electrophoresis 295

16.3 Imaged Capillary Isoelectric Focusing 299

16.4 Summary 306

References 307

17 Application of Capillary Electrophoresis for High-Throughput Screening of Drug Metabolism 309
Roman 9Rem?´nek, Jochen Pauwels, Xu Wang, Jos Hoogmartens, Zden9ek Glatz, and Ann Van Schepdael

17.1 Introduction 309

17.2 Sample Deproteinization 310

17.3 On-line Preconcentration 311

17.4 Method Development 312

17.5 Method Validation 314

17.6 Method Applications 315

17.7 Conclusions 316

Acknowledgments 317

References 317

18 Electrokinetic Transport of Microparticles in the Microfluidic Enclosure Domain 319
Qian Liang, Chun Yang, and Jianmin Miao

18.1 Introduction 319

18.2 Numerical Model 320

18.3 Numerical Simulation 322

18.4 Results and Discussion 322

18.5 Model Application 325

18.6 Conclusions 326

References 326

19 Integration of Nanomaterials in Capillary and Microchip Electrophoresis as a Flexible Tool 327
Germa´n A. Messina, Roberto A. Olsina, and Patricia W. Stege

19.1 Introduction 327

19.2 Nanomaterials in Analytical Chemistry 332

19.3 Nanoparticles in Capillary Electrophoresis 333

19.4 Conclusions 352

References 353

20 Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis to Study the Binding of Ligands to Teicoplanin Derivatized on Magnetic Beads 359
Toni Ann Riveros, Roger Lo, Xiaojun Liu, Marisol Salgado, Hector Carmona, and Frank A. Gomez

20.1 Introduction 359

20.2 Experimental Section 359

20.3 Results and Discussion 361

20.4 Conclusions 364

Acknowledgments 365

References 365

21 Glycomic Profiling Through Capillary Electrophoresis and Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis 367
Yehia Mechref

21.1 Introduction 367

21.2 General Considerations of Capillary Electrophoresis and Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis of Glycans 369

21.3 Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis 377

21.4 Conclusions 380

References 381

INDEX 385