Biodiversity is a modern term which simply means "The variety of life on earth". This variety can be measured on several different levels, Genetics, Species and Ecosystem level. Species on our Earth are now becoming extinct at an alarming rate, almost entirely as a direct result of human activities. Some species are more vulnerable to extinction than others like Endemic local species, threatened species and medicinal species. In this book, I am trying to find the best conservation strategy to conserve the plant diversity in the Mountainous Arid Areas.