This research aims at empirically assessing the effects of internal migration on the employment structure of developing countries. An in-depth study of the Ugandan population allowed to confirm most statements established by economists in previous researches. Indeed, thanks to the analysis of surveys carried out on more than 2,500 Ugandan households, the following conclusions can be drawn. Migration is largely driven by higher living standards expectations. Moreover, this analysis has shown that younger people are more able to migrate while the destination area depends largely on the level of education. In addition, these data showed that migration increases the probability of becoming self-employed.