This textbook focuses on the investigation of the ideal treatment of diet and/or exercise on the abdominal fat distribution, chronic low grade inflammation and metabolic status of postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. The combined treatment of exercise and diet leads to greater and clinically important improvements in abdominal visceral fat deposition, systemic inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein, adipokine secretion such as Leptin, glucose and lipid metabolism, and exercise capacity compared to diet or exercise alone.