John G. Hayes, G. Abas Goodarzi

Electric Powertrain

Energy Systems, Power Electronics and Drives for Hybrid, Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

The why, what and how of the electric vehicle powertrain

Empowers engineering professionals and students with the knowledge and skills required to engineer electric vehicle powertrain architectures, energy storage systems, power electronics converters and electric drives.

The modern electric powertrain is relatively new for the automotive industry, and engineers are challenged with designing affordable, efficient and high-performance electric powertrains as the industry undergoes a technological evolution. Co-authored by two electric vehicle (EV) engineers with decades of experience designing and putting into production all of the powertrain technologies presented, this book provides readers with the hands-on knowledge, skills and expertise they need to rise to that challenge.

This four-part practical guide provides a comprehensive review of battery, hybrid and fuel cell EV systems and the associated energy sources, power electronics, machines, and drives.The first part of the book begins with a historical overview of electromobility and the related environmental impacts motivating the development of the electric powertrain. Vehicular requirements for electromechanical propulsion are then presented. Battery electric vehicles (BEV), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), and conventional and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are then described, contrasted and compared for vehicle propulsion. The second part of the book features in-depth analysis of the electric powertrain traction machines, with a particular focus on the induction machine and the surface- and interior-permanent magnet ac machines. The brushed dc machine is also considered due to its ease of operation and understanding, and its historical place, especially as the traction machine on NASA's Mars rovers. The third part of the book features the theory and applications for the propulsion, charging, accessory, and auxiliary power electronics converters. Chapters are presented on isolated and non-isolated dc-dc converters, traction inverters, and battery charging. The fourth part presents the introductory and applied electromagnetism required as a foundation throughout the book.

_ Introduces and holistically integrates the key EV powertrain technologies.
_ Provides a comprehensive overview of existing and emerging automotive solutions.
_ Provides experience-based expertise for vehicular and powertrain system and sub-system level study, design, and optimization.
_ Presents many examples of powertrain technologies from leading manufacturers.
_ Discusses the dc traction machines of the Mars rovers, the ultimate EVs from NASA.
_ Investigates the environmental motivating factors and impacts of electromobility.
_ Presents a structured university teaching stream from introductory undergraduate to postgraduate.
_ Includes real-world problems and assignments of use to design engineers, researchers, and students alike.
_ Features acompanion website with numerous references, problems, solutions, and practical assignments.
_ Includes introductory material throughout the book for the general scientific reader.
_ Contains essential reading for government regulators and policy makers.

Electric Powertrain: Energy Systems, Power Electronics and Drives for Hybrid, Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles is an important professional resource for practitioners and researchers in the battery, hybrid, and fuel cell EV transportation industry. The book is a structured holistic textbook for the teaching of the fundamental theories and applications of energy sources, power electronics, and electric machines and drives to engineering undergraduate and postgraduate students.

Textbook Structure and Suggested Teaching Curriculum
This is primarily an engineering textbook covering the automotive powertrain, energy storage and energy conversion, power electronics, and electrical machines. A significant

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley / Wiley & Sons
• Artikelnr. des Verlages: 1W119063640
• 1. Auflage
• Seitenzahl: 560
• Erscheinungstermin: 26. Januar 2018
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 250mm x 175mm x 34mm
• Gewicht: 1085g
• ISBN-13: 9781119063643
• ISBN-10: 1119063647
• Artikelnr.: 48918708

Autorenporträt

John G. Hayes, PhD, MSEE, MBA, lectures at University College Cork, Ireland, and specialises in automotive, industrial and renewable energy systems and related power electronics, machines and electromagnetism. He previously worked in Southern California for ten years at General Motors' Hughes Aircraft subsidiary developing EV propulsion and inductive charging systems for the General Motors EV1, the first modern production EV. John's recent focus has been on the development of integrated and holistic EV teaching materials for the engineering student and the automotive professional. G. Abas Goodarzi, PhD, P.E., is the Chief Executive Officer and President of US Hybrid Corporation, Torrance, California, which he founded in 1999. He is also the President of US FuelCell, a company formed with the acquisition by US Hybrid of the United Technologies PEM fuel cell transportation division. He served as Senior Scientist at General Motors' Hughes Aircraft subsidiary, and as Technical Director for the General Motors EV1. He has designed various EV, HEV, and FCEV powertrain systems for light, medium, and heavy-duty, on-road, off-road, and special-purpose vehicles.

Inhaltsangabe

Contents

Preface xix

Acknowledgments xxi

Textbook Structure and Suggested Teaching Curriculum xxii

About the Companion Web Site xxiv

Part 1 Vehicles and Energy Sources 1

1 Electromobility and the Environment 3

1.1 A Brief History of the Electric Powertrain 4

1.1.1 Part I - The Birth of the Electric Car 4

1.1.2 Part II - The Resurgent Electric Powertrain 5

1.1.3 Part III - Success at Last for the Electric Powertrain 6

1.2 Energy Sources for Propulsion and Emissions 10

1.2.1 Carbon Emissions from Fuels 12

1.2.1.1 Example: Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Combustion of Gasoline 12

1.2.2 Greenhouse Gases and Pollutants 13

1.2.2.1 The Impact of NOx 14

1.3 The Advent of Regulations 15

1.3.1 Regulatory Considerations and Emissions Trends 17

1.3.2 Heavy-Duty Vehicle Regulations 18

1.4 Drive Cycles 19

1.4.1 EPA Drive Cycles 19

1.5 BEV Fuel Consumption, Range, and mpge 24

1.6 Carbon Emissions for Conventional and Electric Powertrains 25

1.6.1 Well-to-Wheel and Cradle-to-Grave Emissions 27

1.6.2 Emissions due to the Electrical Grid 28

1.6.2.1 Example: Determining Electrical Grid Emissions 28

1.7 An Overview of Conventional, Battery, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Electric Systems 29

1.7.1 Conventional IC Engine Vehicle 30

1.7.2 BEVs 30

1.7.3 HEVs 31

1.7.3.1 Series HEV 32

1.7.3.2 Parallel HEV 32

1.7.3.3 Series-Parallel HEV 33

1.7.4 FCEV 33

1.7.5 A Comparison by Efficiency of Conventional, Hybrid, Battery, and Fuel Cell Vehicles 34

1.7.6 A Case Study Comparison of Conventional, Hybrid, Battery, and Fuel Cell Vehicles 35

1.8 A Comparison of Automotive and Other Transportation Technologies 36

References 37

Further Reading 38

Problems 38

Assignments 39

2 Vehicle Dynamics 40

2.1 Vehicle Load Forces 40

2.1.1 Basic Power, Energy, and Speed Relationships 41

2.1.2 Aerodynamic Drag 42

2.1.2.1 Example: Aerodynamic Drag 43

2.1.2.2 Example: Aerodynamic Drag and Fuel Consumption 45

2.1.3 Rolling Resistance 45

2.1.3.1 The Ford Explorer Recall 45

2.1.3.2 The A-Class Mercedes in the 1990s 46

2.1.3.3 The Tesla Model S in 2013 46

2.1.3.4 Example: Rolling Resistance 46

2.1.4 Vehicle Road-Load Coefficients from EPA Coast-Down Testing 46

2.1.5 Battery Electric Vehicle Range at Constant Speed 49

2.1.5.1 Example: Plot of BEV Range Versus Speed 49

2.1.5.2 Example: Estimate of BEV Range 50

2.1.5.3 Example: Effect of Auxiliary Loads on Range 50

2.1.6 Gradability 51

2.1.6.1 Example: Downgrade Force and Regeneration 51

2.2 Vehicle Acceleration 52

2.2.1 Regenerative Braking of the Vehicle 54

2.2.2 Traction Motor Characteristics 54

2.2.2.1 Example: 2015 Nissan Leaf Rated Speed 55

2.2.3 Acceleration of the Vehicle 57

2.2.3.1 Time-Step Estimation of Vehicle Speed 57

2.2.3.2 A Simplified Equation Set for Characterizing Acceleration by Ignoring Load Forces 57

2.3 Simple Drive Cycle for Vehicle Comparisons 60

References 62

Further Reading 62

Problems 62

Assignment: Modeling of a BEV 66

3 Batteries 68

3.1 Introduction to Batteries 68

3.1.1 Batteries Types and Battery Packs 68

3.1.1.1 Recent EVs and Battery Chemistries 70

3.1.2

Rezensionen

Hayes and Goodarzi have focused their considerable talent and experience to teaching the inner workings of the electric car. Readers, whether engineers, students, or the interested public will find this book a treasure trove of knowledge on modern automotive technology. In conclusion, what a great book! --John M Miller, J-N-J Miller Design Services PLLC, Longview, Texas, USA

I highly recommend 'Electric Powertrain: Energy Systems, Power Electronics and Drives for Hybrid, Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles' by Dr John G. Hayes and Dr G. Abas Goodarzi. I use this book as my core teaching text on my module Transportation Power and Systems 3, which I teach to third year BEng and MEng Mechanical Engineering undergraduates in Queen's University Belfast. This book captures the fundamentals and in-depth aspects of the key elements of the course I teach including drive cycles, power trains for hybrids, vehicle dynamics, batteries and machines. The worked examples are excellent. The text book is very well laid out with superb well thought-out practical problems at the end of each chapter. This book is very relevant to those who wish to expand their knowledge of hybrid vehicles. It seamlessly integrates the electrical, civil and mechanical disciplines in this growing and multidisciplinary area. This is especially important considering the sustainable direction of land-based transport will take over the next decade as we strive to combat global warming and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. --Dr Aoife Foley, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom