Josep Dalmau, Francesc Graus

Autoimmune Encephalitis and Related Disorders of the Nervous System

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

"About 20 years ago the group of diseases currently known as "autoimmune encephalitides" or "antibody-mediated encephalitides" was unknown and the field of "Autoimmune Neurology" inexistent. Since then, 18 autoimmune encephalitides and the corresponding syndromes have been described including 16 in which the antigens are expressed on the cell surface of neurons and two on the surface of glial cells.1-3 In many of these diseases several immunological triggers have been identified - usually tumors or viral infections -, and in some, a genetic susceptibility linked to distinct human leukocyte antigen (HLA) has been shown.1, 4 These findings along with the availability of specific diagnostic tests and clinical guidelines,5 have remarkably changed the diagnostic and treatment approach to patients with encephalitis of unclear etiology which until recently comprised 45-50% of all cases of encephalitis and now represent only 20-25% of all cases.6 Neurologic disorders once considered idiopathic, or ascribed to possible infections, or defined with descriptive terms, are now recognized as autoimmune diseases that may lead to psychosis, catatonia, abnormal movements, seizures, memory impairment, cognitive decline, dysautonomia, or spinal cord dysfunction. Due to the severity and duration of these symptoms, up to 50% of patients require and receive prolonged intensive care support that not long ago may have been considered futile.7, 8"--

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Cambridge University Press
• Seitenzahl: 676
• Erscheinungstermin: 28. April 2022
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 261mm x 210mm x 40mm
• Gewicht: 1763g
• ISBN-13: 9781108583510
• ISBN-10: 1108583512
• Artikelnr.: 63517682

Autorenporträt

Josep Dalmau is Professor at the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA); the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Center (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona; and Adjunct Professor of Neurology at the University of Pennsylvania (USA).

Inhaltsangabe

Section 1. Overview: 1. Importance, definitions, history and classification of the autoimmune encephalitides
2. General approach to diagnosis
3. Pathogenesis and disease mechanisms in neuronal antibody-mediated encephalitis
Section 2. Autoantibodies and Antigens: 4. Intracellular antigens
5. Cell surface antigens
Section 3. Specific Syndromes and Diseases: 6. Limbic encephalitis
7. Autoimmunity against proteins associated with voltage-gated potassium channels
8. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
9. Seizures and autoantibodies against surface antigens
10. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease
11. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and glial fibrillary acidic protein autoimmunity
12. Autoimmune cerebellar ataxias
13. Autoimmune brainstem encephalitis
14. Autoimmunity against the inhibitory synapsis
15. Anti-IgLON5 disease
16. Autoimmune and inflammatory encephalopathies as complication of cancer
17. Deconstructing Hashimoto encephalopathy
18. CNS syndromes at the frontier of autoimmune encephalitis
Section 4. Autoimmunity in Neurologic and Psychiatric Diseases: 19. Autoimmune psychosis
20. Psychiatric manifestations of autoimmune encephalitis
21. Abnormal movements in neurological autoimmune disorders
22. Sleep and autoimmunity
23. Immunity, inflammation and epilepsy
24. Autoimmune dementia: a useful term?
25. Frequently asked questions.