Child mortality remains a major concern in many parts of the world, with nearly 10 Million children under- five years dying annually. In Kenya, child deaths remain high in spite of the government commitment to create an enabling environment for provision of quality health care and reduction of mortality levels. Moreover available evidence indicates that there exist regional variations in infant and child mortality. Using a nationally representative sub- sample of 8061 births among women aged 15- 49 , the study examines the effect of each of the various Socio-economic, Cultural, Demographic and Environmental factors as they impact differently on each of the two regions perceived to be high and low mortality regions respectively. The book will be invaluable to Health Planners, Demographers and University students undertaking studies in African Studies, Population Studies, public Health and Sociology.