This book analyzes the role of small and medium enterprises in the economy of Slovakia at the beginning of new Millennium. The changes of 1989 brought about the changes of society and economy as well. In the period of transformation of the Slovak economy, small and medium enterprises have been often considered to be a critical element of economic revival. The study answers to what extent this expectation has been met. Legal and institutional frameworks of the small and medium enterprises development are analyzed. Popular attitudes toward entrepreneurs, views and opinions of the key representatives of entrepreneurs and state representatives are included in the paper as well. The influence of small and medium enterprises on economy of Slovakia is measured through theirs contribution to different economic indicators and analyzed here. Finally, the relationship between economic development distribution and distribution of small and medium enterprises is presented. The book can be used by the policy makers forming the business environment in their country. The insights from entrepreneurs used in the book can help to better understand their needs.