The health and disease related information in captive sloth bears is still in a state of infancy in India. Understanding the health related parameters and evidence of diseases in captive-reared bears will be significantly helpful towards enriching the management of captive bears in India. This book is born out of my research work to document the base-line haematological and biochemical data, occurrence of infectious and parasitic diseases, daytime activity pattern in selected captive bears reared, to formulate suitable environmental management measures and to suggest measures that can strengthen the management of health status in captive bears.