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This book provides a clear, detailed introduction to women's political participation and representation across a wide range of countries and regions. Through broad statistical overviews and detailed case-study accounts, the authors document both historical trends and the contemporary state of women's political strength.
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This book provides a clear, detailed introduction to women's political participation and representation across a wide range of countries and regions. Through broad statistical overviews and detailed case-study accounts, the authors document both historical trends and the contemporary state of women's political strength.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
- 4th edition
- Seitenzahl: 504
- Erscheinungstermin: 17. März 2020
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 238mm x 160mm x 24mm
- Gewicht: 712g
- ISBN-13: 9781538137505
- ISBN-10: 153813750X
- Artikelnr.: 58296526
- Verlag: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
- 4th edition
- Seitenzahl: 504
- Erscheinungstermin: 17. März 2020
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 238mm x 160mm x 24mm
- Gewicht: 712g
- ISBN-13: 9781538137505
- ISBN-10: 153813750X
- Artikelnr.: 58296526
Pamela Paxton is the Linda K. George and John Wilson Professor of Sociology at The University of Texas at Austin. PhD in sociology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She has consulted for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Academies. She has intersecting research interests in prosocial behavior, politics, gender, and methodology. She is the author of articles and books on women in politics, nonprofits, and quantitative methodology. Melanie M. Hughes is Professor of Sociology, has a secondary appointment in the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, and is Co-Director of the Gender Inequality Research Lab (GIRL) at the University of Pittsburgh. PhD in Sociology from The Ohio State University. Her research considers how gender intersects with other forces of marginalization to influence women's political power. She has published numerous articles on women's legislative representation cross-nationally in journals such as American Political Science Review, American Sociological Review, European Journal of Political Research, and Politics & Gender. Currently, she is consulting the United Nations Development Programme to increase the availability of data on women in decision-making positions in public administration. She is also writing a book on the political dominance of men from majority racial, ethnic, and religious groups worldwide. Tiffany D. Barnes is an Associate Professor of Political Science at University of Kentucky and affiliated faculty with Gender and Women's Studies and Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies. PhD in political science from Rice University. Her research focuses on Latin America, gender and politics, and comparative political institutions. Her book, Gendering Legislative Behavior, (Cambridge University Press 2016) won the Alan Rosenthal Prize from the Legislative Studies Section of the American Political Science Association (APSA) in 2017. Her other research appears in journals such as the American Journal of Political Science, Journal of Politics, Comparative Political Studies, Political Research Quarterly, Politics & Gender, and Politics, Groups, and Identities. She was awarded the Emerging Scholar Award from the Legislative Studies Section of the APSA and the Early Career Award from the Midwest Women's Caucus for Political Science. She formerly served as the president for the Midwest Women's' Caucus. She is an associate editor at Research & Politics, the editor of The Legislative Scholar, the newsletter for the Legislative Studies Section of the APSA, and on the editorial boards of The Journal of Politics, and Political Research Quarterly.
About the Authors Preface 1. Introduction to Women in Politics Arguments
for Women's Representation in Politics The Story of Mukhtar Mai: Village
Council Justice Wife Beating in Nigeria-de jure vs. de facto Law
Filibustering in Texas-A Woman Representative Holds Out Justice Arguments
for Women's Representation Utility Arguments for Women's Representation A
Brief Overview of Women's Participation in Politics Orienting Theories
Power The Dimensions of Power: An Example Gender and Gender Stratification
Gender and Power Concepts: Patriarchy, Public Versus Private, and
Intersectionality Feminist Institutionalism Overview of the Book 2. Women
Struggle for the Vote: The History of Women's Suffrage Social Movement
Concepts Suffrage in the United States Women's Suffrage and the U.S.
Constitution Women and the Antislavery Movement: The Struggle Begins The
Leadership, Organization, and Tactics of the Early Suffrage Movement "Ain't
I a Woman?" By Sojourner Truth, 1851 The State Suffrage Movement: Why the
West Was Best Partnering With the Progressive Movement Opposition to
Women's Suffrage Women Gain the Vote: The Events Leading to the Passage of
the 19th Amendment Suffrage Movements Outside the United States Time Period
Movement Size, Composition, and Alliances Goals and Ideology Movement
Opposition Tactics and Level of Militancy The International Women's
Movement Women's Suffrage After 1945 Women Exercising Their Vote First
Women Members of Parliament 3. Positions and Pathways: Women's
Representation in Government Government Structures and Positions of Power
Women Presidents and Prime Ministers Paths to Power for Women National
Leaders Difficulties Faced by Women Leaders Women in Cabinet Positions
Women in Parliaments Milestones and Historical Trajectories Women in
Parliaments Today Women in the Judiciary Women in Local Governance 4.
Intersectionality and Difference Thinking Intersectionally Slower and
Lower: The Double and Triple Barriers faced by Women from Marginalized
Groups Lesbian, Bisexual and Queer Women Transgender, Gender
Non-Conforming, and Intersex Indigenous Women The Puzzle of Success:
Complementary and Strategic Opportunities The Puzzle of Transgender Women's
Success All the Women are White, All the Blacks are Men When Identities
Collide: The Rights and Representaiton of Immigrant and Indigenous Women
But Who Represents Us? Multiple Marginalization and Substantive
Representation Out in the Open: "Out" Candidates and Public Officials Who
Is Indigenous 5. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-Culture A
Woman's Place in History: Women in Political Philosophy A Woman's Place
Today: The Continuing Power of Culture Regional Differences Religion
Cultural Attitudes Culture and Women's Representation in Politics Ambition
Role Model Effects Media 6. Explaining the Political Representation of
Women-Social Structure Economic Development Money Time Civic and Political
Skills Education Work Networks Beyond Meritocracy Violence Against Women in
Politics 7. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-Politics
Democracy Selection Mechanisms Electoral Systems Why Are Proportional
Representation Systems Good for Women? Types of Political Representation
Systems Are the Same Systems and Rules Good for All Women? Political
Appointments Characteristics of Political Parties From Candidate to
Legislator Quotas What Kinds of Quotas Are There and Which Are Better?
Threshold for Representation Candidate Quotas, Political Party Quotas, and
Reserved Seats Quotas, Looking Beyond Gender ¡SOY JUANA, no "Juanita"!:
Quota Reform in Mexico Looking Beyond National Legislatures The Adoption of
Gender Quotas Do Quotas affect Candidate Quality? Can Quotas Disrupt Men's
Power? 8. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-International
Factors The International Women's Movement A Brief History of Women's
Activism in the United Nations Women's Activism Increases the Supply and
Demand of Women in Politics Foreign Aid and Women's Representation The
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
Armed Conflict and Women's Access to Power 9. Do Women Make a Difference?
Thinking Differently: Women's Views on Women and Their Policy Priorities
Acting Differently: Women's Voting Patterns and Bill Sponsorship Acting
Successfully: Women's Legislative Effectiveness Legislating Differently:
Women's Legislative Style Do Numbers Matter? Women's Movements and Women's
Policy Machinery as Alternative Sources of Influence Winning Hearts and
Minds: Symbolic Representation 10. Regions: The West and the United States
The Geography of Women in Politics Western Industrialized Countries Success
Stories: Early Nordic Growth, Parity, and Imbalanced Cabinets Backlash:
Harassment, Violence, and the Murder of Jo Cox Women in the European Union
Middle of the Pack: The United States Women in the U.S. Senate and House of
Representatives: Growing Slowly Women in the States Women in the State
Legislature Women Governors Women and the American Presidency I Just Don't
Think She has a Presidential Look Explanations-Culture
Explanations-Structure (Eligibility) Explanations-Politics Gender Gaps in
American Politics Party Affiliation Voter Turnout Campaign Activities 11.
Eastern Europe and Central Asia The Fall of the Soviet Union: Women Fall
Too Variation in Recovery Explaining Women's Political Power Since 1990
Eastern and Central Europe and the European Union Populism and the
Far-Right Bring Backslides 12. Latin America and the Caribbean Legacies of
Culture in Latin America Democratization and Women's Political Empowerment
Women's Participation in Guerrilla Warfare and Revolutionary Movements
Women's Participation in Protest Movements Women's Current Activism
Participation to Representation? Gender Quotas Setbacks and Challenges for
Women in Politics 13. Middle East and North Africa An Overview and Brief
History of the Region What Explains Women's Underrepresentation? Changes
Come to Women of the Gulf Region Wins for Women in Bahrain Women's Rights
Stall in Kuwait Forces for Change in the Region Gender Quotas: A Look at
Early Adopters Raising Awareness about Women's Political
Underrepresentation in Turkey Women and the Arab Spring After the Arab
Spring 14. Asia and the Pacific Cultural Obstacles Confucianism Honor
Culture Women Voters (Not) Supporting Women Structural Obstacles
Industrialization and Work Violence Against Women Family Ties Clientelism
and Corruption Political Obstacles Local Gender Quotas in India: Women in
the Panchayat Raj Women in Afghanistan 15. Sub-Saharan Africa Colonialism
One-Party Rule, Democracy, and Democratization Women, Ethnicity, and Ethnic
Politics Gender and Ethnic Quotas in Burundi Increasing the Supply of Women
Candidates Changing Culture Changing Politics Continuing Challenges 16.
Where Do We Go From Here? And How Do We Get There? Where Are We Now? Where
Are We Going? How Do We Get There? Furthering Women's Position in the
Social Structure Influencing Culture Disrupting Politics as Usual In
Conclusion: What Would a 50/50 World Look Like? Glossary References Index
for Women's Representation in Politics The Story of Mukhtar Mai: Village
Council Justice Wife Beating in Nigeria-de jure vs. de facto Law
Filibustering in Texas-A Woman Representative Holds Out Justice Arguments
for Women's Representation Utility Arguments for Women's Representation A
Brief Overview of Women's Participation in Politics Orienting Theories
Power The Dimensions of Power: An Example Gender and Gender Stratification
Gender and Power Concepts: Patriarchy, Public Versus Private, and
Intersectionality Feminist Institutionalism Overview of the Book 2. Women
Struggle for the Vote: The History of Women's Suffrage Social Movement
Concepts Suffrage in the United States Women's Suffrage and the U.S.
Constitution Women and the Antislavery Movement: The Struggle Begins The
Leadership, Organization, and Tactics of the Early Suffrage Movement "Ain't
I a Woman?" By Sojourner Truth, 1851 The State Suffrage Movement: Why the
West Was Best Partnering With the Progressive Movement Opposition to
Women's Suffrage Women Gain the Vote: The Events Leading to the Passage of
the 19th Amendment Suffrage Movements Outside the United States Time Period
Movement Size, Composition, and Alliances Goals and Ideology Movement
Opposition Tactics and Level of Militancy The International Women's
Movement Women's Suffrage After 1945 Women Exercising Their Vote First
Women Members of Parliament 3. Positions and Pathways: Women's
Representation in Government Government Structures and Positions of Power
Women Presidents and Prime Ministers Paths to Power for Women National
Leaders Difficulties Faced by Women Leaders Women in Cabinet Positions
Women in Parliaments Milestones and Historical Trajectories Women in
Parliaments Today Women in the Judiciary Women in Local Governance 4.
Intersectionality and Difference Thinking Intersectionally Slower and
Lower: The Double and Triple Barriers faced by Women from Marginalized
Groups Lesbian, Bisexual and Queer Women Transgender, Gender
Non-Conforming, and Intersex Indigenous Women The Puzzle of Success:
Complementary and Strategic Opportunities The Puzzle of Transgender Women's
Success All the Women are White, All the Blacks are Men When Identities
Collide: The Rights and Representaiton of Immigrant and Indigenous Women
But Who Represents Us? Multiple Marginalization and Substantive
Representation Out in the Open: "Out" Candidates and Public Officials Who
Is Indigenous 5. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-Culture A
Woman's Place in History: Women in Political Philosophy A Woman's Place
Today: The Continuing Power of Culture Regional Differences Religion
Cultural Attitudes Culture and Women's Representation in Politics Ambition
Role Model Effects Media 6. Explaining the Political Representation of
Women-Social Structure Economic Development Money Time Civic and Political
Skills Education Work Networks Beyond Meritocracy Violence Against Women in
Politics 7. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-Politics
Democracy Selection Mechanisms Electoral Systems Why Are Proportional
Representation Systems Good for Women? Types of Political Representation
Systems Are the Same Systems and Rules Good for All Women? Political
Appointments Characteristics of Political Parties From Candidate to
Legislator Quotas What Kinds of Quotas Are There and Which Are Better?
Threshold for Representation Candidate Quotas, Political Party Quotas, and
Reserved Seats Quotas, Looking Beyond Gender ¡SOY JUANA, no "Juanita"!:
Quota Reform in Mexico Looking Beyond National Legislatures The Adoption of
Gender Quotas Do Quotas affect Candidate Quality? Can Quotas Disrupt Men's
Power? 8. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-International
Factors The International Women's Movement A Brief History of Women's
Activism in the United Nations Women's Activism Increases the Supply and
Demand of Women in Politics Foreign Aid and Women's Representation The
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
Armed Conflict and Women's Access to Power 9. Do Women Make a Difference?
Thinking Differently: Women's Views on Women and Their Policy Priorities
Acting Differently: Women's Voting Patterns and Bill Sponsorship Acting
Successfully: Women's Legislative Effectiveness Legislating Differently:
Women's Legislative Style Do Numbers Matter? Women's Movements and Women's
Policy Machinery as Alternative Sources of Influence Winning Hearts and
Minds: Symbolic Representation 10. Regions: The West and the United States
The Geography of Women in Politics Western Industrialized Countries Success
Stories: Early Nordic Growth, Parity, and Imbalanced Cabinets Backlash:
Harassment, Violence, and the Murder of Jo Cox Women in the European Union
Middle of the Pack: The United States Women in the U.S. Senate and House of
Representatives: Growing Slowly Women in the States Women in the State
Legislature Women Governors Women and the American Presidency I Just Don't
Think She has a Presidential Look Explanations-Culture
Explanations-Structure (Eligibility) Explanations-Politics Gender Gaps in
American Politics Party Affiliation Voter Turnout Campaign Activities 11.
Eastern Europe and Central Asia The Fall of the Soviet Union: Women Fall
Too Variation in Recovery Explaining Women's Political Power Since 1990
Eastern and Central Europe and the European Union Populism and the
Far-Right Bring Backslides 12. Latin America and the Caribbean Legacies of
Culture in Latin America Democratization and Women's Political Empowerment
Women's Participation in Guerrilla Warfare and Revolutionary Movements
Women's Participation in Protest Movements Women's Current Activism
Participation to Representation? Gender Quotas Setbacks and Challenges for
Women in Politics 13. Middle East and North Africa An Overview and Brief
History of the Region What Explains Women's Underrepresentation? Changes
Come to Women of the Gulf Region Wins for Women in Bahrain Women's Rights
Stall in Kuwait Forces for Change in the Region Gender Quotas: A Look at
Early Adopters Raising Awareness about Women's Political
Underrepresentation in Turkey Women and the Arab Spring After the Arab
Spring 14. Asia and the Pacific Cultural Obstacles Confucianism Honor
Culture Women Voters (Not) Supporting Women Structural Obstacles
Industrialization and Work Violence Against Women Family Ties Clientelism
and Corruption Political Obstacles Local Gender Quotas in India: Women in
the Panchayat Raj Women in Afghanistan 15. Sub-Saharan Africa Colonialism
One-Party Rule, Democracy, and Democratization Women, Ethnicity, and Ethnic
Politics Gender and Ethnic Quotas in Burundi Increasing the Supply of Women
Candidates Changing Culture Changing Politics Continuing Challenges 16.
Where Do We Go From Here? And How Do We Get There? Where Are We Now? Where
Are We Going? How Do We Get There? Furthering Women's Position in the
Social Structure Influencing Culture Disrupting Politics as Usual In
Conclusion: What Would a 50/50 World Look Like? Glossary References Index
About the Authors Preface 1. Introduction to Women in Politics Arguments
for Women's Representation in Politics The Story of Mukhtar Mai: Village
Council Justice Wife Beating in Nigeria-de jure vs. de facto Law
Filibustering in Texas-A Woman Representative Holds Out Justice Arguments
for Women's Representation Utility Arguments for Women's Representation A
Brief Overview of Women's Participation in Politics Orienting Theories
Power The Dimensions of Power: An Example Gender and Gender Stratification
Gender and Power Concepts: Patriarchy, Public Versus Private, and
Intersectionality Feminist Institutionalism Overview of the Book 2. Women
Struggle for the Vote: The History of Women's Suffrage Social Movement
Concepts Suffrage in the United States Women's Suffrage and the U.S.
Constitution Women and the Antislavery Movement: The Struggle Begins The
Leadership, Organization, and Tactics of the Early Suffrage Movement "Ain't
I a Woman?" By Sojourner Truth, 1851 The State Suffrage Movement: Why the
West Was Best Partnering With the Progressive Movement Opposition to
Women's Suffrage Women Gain the Vote: The Events Leading to the Passage of
the 19th Amendment Suffrage Movements Outside the United States Time Period
Movement Size, Composition, and Alliances Goals and Ideology Movement
Opposition Tactics and Level of Militancy The International Women's
Movement Women's Suffrage After 1945 Women Exercising Their Vote First
Women Members of Parliament 3. Positions and Pathways: Women's
Representation in Government Government Structures and Positions of Power
Women Presidents and Prime Ministers Paths to Power for Women National
Leaders Difficulties Faced by Women Leaders Women in Cabinet Positions
Women in Parliaments Milestones and Historical Trajectories Women in
Parliaments Today Women in the Judiciary Women in Local Governance 4.
Intersectionality and Difference Thinking Intersectionally Slower and
Lower: The Double and Triple Barriers faced by Women from Marginalized
Groups Lesbian, Bisexual and Queer Women Transgender, Gender
Non-Conforming, and Intersex Indigenous Women The Puzzle of Success:
Complementary and Strategic Opportunities The Puzzle of Transgender Women's
Success All the Women are White, All the Blacks are Men When Identities
Collide: The Rights and Representaiton of Immigrant and Indigenous Women
But Who Represents Us? Multiple Marginalization and Substantive
Representation Out in the Open: "Out" Candidates and Public Officials Who
Is Indigenous 5. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-Culture A
Woman's Place in History: Women in Political Philosophy A Woman's Place
Today: The Continuing Power of Culture Regional Differences Religion
Cultural Attitudes Culture and Women's Representation in Politics Ambition
Role Model Effects Media 6. Explaining the Political Representation of
Women-Social Structure Economic Development Money Time Civic and Political
Skills Education Work Networks Beyond Meritocracy Violence Against Women in
Politics 7. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-Politics
Democracy Selection Mechanisms Electoral Systems Why Are Proportional
Representation Systems Good for Women? Types of Political Representation
Systems Are the Same Systems and Rules Good for All Women? Political
Appointments Characteristics of Political Parties From Candidate to
Legislator Quotas What Kinds of Quotas Are There and Which Are Better?
Threshold for Representation Candidate Quotas, Political Party Quotas, and
Reserved Seats Quotas, Looking Beyond Gender ¡SOY JUANA, no "Juanita"!:
Quota Reform in Mexico Looking Beyond National Legislatures The Adoption of
Gender Quotas Do Quotas affect Candidate Quality? Can Quotas Disrupt Men's
Power? 8. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-International
Factors The International Women's Movement A Brief History of Women's
Activism in the United Nations Women's Activism Increases the Supply and
Demand of Women in Politics Foreign Aid and Women's Representation The
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
Armed Conflict and Women's Access to Power 9. Do Women Make a Difference?
Thinking Differently: Women's Views on Women and Their Policy Priorities
Acting Differently: Women's Voting Patterns and Bill Sponsorship Acting
Successfully: Women's Legislative Effectiveness Legislating Differently:
Women's Legislative Style Do Numbers Matter? Women's Movements and Women's
Policy Machinery as Alternative Sources of Influence Winning Hearts and
Minds: Symbolic Representation 10. Regions: The West and the United States
The Geography of Women in Politics Western Industrialized Countries Success
Stories: Early Nordic Growth, Parity, and Imbalanced Cabinets Backlash:
Harassment, Violence, and the Murder of Jo Cox Women in the European Union
Middle of the Pack: The United States Women in the U.S. Senate and House of
Representatives: Growing Slowly Women in the States Women in the State
Legislature Women Governors Women and the American Presidency I Just Don't
Think She has a Presidential Look Explanations-Culture
Explanations-Structure (Eligibility) Explanations-Politics Gender Gaps in
American Politics Party Affiliation Voter Turnout Campaign Activities 11.
Eastern Europe and Central Asia The Fall of the Soviet Union: Women Fall
Too Variation in Recovery Explaining Women's Political Power Since 1990
Eastern and Central Europe and the European Union Populism and the
Far-Right Bring Backslides 12. Latin America and the Caribbean Legacies of
Culture in Latin America Democratization and Women's Political Empowerment
Women's Participation in Guerrilla Warfare and Revolutionary Movements
Women's Participation in Protest Movements Women's Current Activism
Participation to Representation? Gender Quotas Setbacks and Challenges for
Women in Politics 13. Middle East and North Africa An Overview and Brief
History of the Region What Explains Women's Underrepresentation? Changes
Come to Women of the Gulf Region Wins for Women in Bahrain Women's Rights
Stall in Kuwait Forces for Change in the Region Gender Quotas: A Look at
Early Adopters Raising Awareness about Women's Political
Underrepresentation in Turkey Women and the Arab Spring After the Arab
Spring 14. Asia and the Pacific Cultural Obstacles Confucianism Honor
Culture Women Voters (Not) Supporting Women Structural Obstacles
Industrialization and Work Violence Against Women Family Ties Clientelism
and Corruption Political Obstacles Local Gender Quotas in India: Women in
the Panchayat Raj Women in Afghanistan 15. Sub-Saharan Africa Colonialism
One-Party Rule, Democracy, and Democratization Women, Ethnicity, and Ethnic
Politics Gender and Ethnic Quotas in Burundi Increasing the Supply of Women
Candidates Changing Culture Changing Politics Continuing Challenges 16.
Where Do We Go From Here? And How Do We Get There? Where Are We Now? Where
Are We Going? How Do We Get There? Furthering Women's Position in the
Social Structure Influencing Culture Disrupting Politics as Usual In
Conclusion: What Would a 50/50 World Look Like? Glossary References Index
for Women's Representation in Politics The Story of Mukhtar Mai: Village
Council Justice Wife Beating in Nigeria-de jure vs. de facto Law
Filibustering in Texas-A Woman Representative Holds Out Justice Arguments
for Women's Representation Utility Arguments for Women's Representation A
Brief Overview of Women's Participation in Politics Orienting Theories
Power The Dimensions of Power: An Example Gender and Gender Stratification
Gender and Power Concepts: Patriarchy, Public Versus Private, and
Intersectionality Feminist Institutionalism Overview of the Book 2. Women
Struggle for the Vote: The History of Women's Suffrage Social Movement
Concepts Suffrage in the United States Women's Suffrage and the U.S.
Constitution Women and the Antislavery Movement: The Struggle Begins The
Leadership, Organization, and Tactics of the Early Suffrage Movement "Ain't
I a Woman?" By Sojourner Truth, 1851 The State Suffrage Movement: Why the
West Was Best Partnering With the Progressive Movement Opposition to
Women's Suffrage Women Gain the Vote: The Events Leading to the Passage of
the 19th Amendment Suffrage Movements Outside the United States Time Period
Movement Size, Composition, and Alliances Goals and Ideology Movement
Opposition Tactics and Level of Militancy The International Women's
Movement Women's Suffrage After 1945 Women Exercising Their Vote First
Women Members of Parliament 3. Positions and Pathways: Women's
Representation in Government Government Structures and Positions of Power
Women Presidents and Prime Ministers Paths to Power for Women National
Leaders Difficulties Faced by Women Leaders Women in Cabinet Positions
Women in Parliaments Milestones and Historical Trajectories Women in
Parliaments Today Women in the Judiciary Women in Local Governance 4.
Intersectionality and Difference Thinking Intersectionally Slower and
Lower: The Double and Triple Barriers faced by Women from Marginalized
Groups Lesbian, Bisexual and Queer Women Transgender, Gender
Non-Conforming, and Intersex Indigenous Women The Puzzle of Success:
Complementary and Strategic Opportunities The Puzzle of Transgender Women's
Success All the Women are White, All the Blacks are Men When Identities
Collide: The Rights and Representaiton of Immigrant and Indigenous Women
But Who Represents Us? Multiple Marginalization and Substantive
Representation Out in the Open: "Out" Candidates and Public Officials Who
Is Indigenous 5. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-Culture A
Woman's Place in History: Women in Political Philosophy A Woman's Place
Today: The Continuing Power of Culture Regional Differences Religion
Cultural Attitudes Culture and Women's Representation in Politics Ambition
Role Model Effects Media 6. Explaining the Political Representation of
Women-Social Structure Economic Development Money Time Civic and Political
Skills Education Work Networks Beyond Meritocracy Violence Against Women in
Politics 7. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-Politics
Democracy Selection Mechanisms Electoral Systems Why Are Proportional
Representation Systems Good for Women? Types of Political Representation
Systems Are the Same Systems and Rules Good for All Women? Political
Appointments Characteristics of Political Parties From Candidate to
Legislator Quotas What Kinds of Quotas Are There and Which Are Better?
Threshold for Representation Candidate Quotas, Political Party Quotas, and
Reserved Seats Quotas, Looking Beyond Gender ¡SOY JUANA, no "Juanita"!:
Quota Reform in Mexico Looking Beyond National Legislatures The Adoption of
Gender Quotas Do Quotas affect Candidate Quality? Can Quotas Disrupt Men's
Power? 8. Explaining the Political Representation of Women-International
Factors The International Women's Movement A Brief History of Women's
Activism in the United Nations Women's Activism Increases the Supply and
Demand of Women in Politics Foreign Aid and Women's Representation The
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
Armed Conflict and Women's Access to Power 9. Do Women Make a Difference?
Thinking Differently: Women's Views on Women and Their Policy Priorities
Acting Differently: Women's Voting Patterns and Bill Sponsorship Acting
Successfully: Women's Legislative Effectiveness Legislating Differently:
Women's Legislative Style Do Numbers Matter? Women's Movements and Women's
Policy Machinery as Alternative Sources of Influence Winning Hearts and
Minds: Symbolic Representation 10. Regions: The West and the United States
The Geography of Women in Politics Western Industrialized Countries Success
Stories: Early Nordic Growth, Parity, and Imbalanced Cabinets Backlash:
Harassment, Violence, and the Murder of Jo Cox Women in the European Union
Middle of the Pack: The United States Women in the U.S. Senate and House of
Representatives: Growing Slowly Women in the States Women in the State
Legislature Women Governors Women and the American Presidency I Just Don't
Think She has a Presidential Look Explanations-Culture
Explanations-Structure (Eligibility) Explanations-Politics Gender Gaps in
American Politics Party Affiliation Voter Turnout Campaign Activities 11.
Eastern Europe and Central Asia The Fall of the Soviet Union: Women Fall
Too Variation in Recovery Explaining Women's Political Power Since 1990
Eastern and Central Europe and the European Union Populism and the
Far-Right Bring Backslides 12. Latin America and the Caribbean Legacies of
Culture in Latin America Democratization and Women's Political Empowerment
Women's Participation in Guerrilla Warfare and Revolutionary Movements
Women's Participation in Protest Movements Women's Current Activism
Participation to Representation? Gender Quotas Setbacks and Challenges for
Women in Politics 13. Middle East and North Africa An Overview and Brief
History of the Region What Explains Women's Underrepresentation? Changes
Come to Women of the Gulf Region Wins for Women in Bahrain Women's Rights
Stall in Kuwait Forces for Change in the Region Gender Quotas: A Look at
Early Adopters Raising Awareness about Women's Political
Underrepresentation in Turkey Women and the Arab Spring After the Arab
Spring 14. Asia and the Pacific Cultural Obstacles Confucianism Honor
Culture Women Voters (Not) Supporting Women Structural Obstacles
Industrialization and Work Violence Against Women Family Ties Clientelism
and Corruption Political Obstacles Local Gender Quotas in India: Women in
the Panchayat Raj Women in Afghanistan 15. Sub-Saharan Africa Colonialism
One-Party Rule, Democracy, and Democratization Women, Ethnicity, and Ethnic
Politics Gender and Ethnic Quotas in Burundi Increasing the Supply of Women
Candidates Changing Culture Changing Politics Continuing Challenges 16.
Where Do We Go From Here? And How Do We Get There? Where Are We Now? Where
Are We Going? How Do We Get There? Furthering Women's Position in the
Social Structure Influencing Culture Disrupting Politics as Usual In
Conclusion: What Would a 50/50 World Look Like? Glossary References Index