The concept and thinking of development has undergone a sea change over the period. The focus has been shifted from economic growth measured in terms of GDP to quality of growth. Health care, education, life expectancy, child mortality, sanitation, access to decent life etc holds paramount importance in every discussion of developmental issue and attracts attention of academia. It is argued that, comparatively better performance of these indicators would automatically take care of well being of people both in economic and social counts and expedite the pace of economic growth of the country. The development strategy in India is tuned to poverty alleviation for increasing in income of the poor complementing to the overall economic development. Despite implementation of number of programs for increasing the capabilities of disadvantaged sections remains a distant dream. The book emphasizes in six well defined chapters on the efficacy of policies and programs in the context of realizing capabilities of the targeted sections of the society. It will serve interest of the students, research scholars particularly in the area of welfare economics,rural development and policy makers.