In this book is analyzed public administration efficiency in resource economies and also a comparative analysis with the OECD countries is done. Wide scope of public administration is included and measured by new measurement of public administration efficiency called Index of Public Administration Efficiency (IPAE), arose from this work. Efficiency scores calculations and rankings are made for resource economies, and OECD countries, based on this index. Research finds and analyzes the outcomes of these scores. Importance of public administration for the modern state is analyzed. Regression analysis shows that economic freedom significantly influences efficiency, and efficiency influences real GDP per capita (PPP) and human development, but more government spending does not increase public administration efficiency. Also explained what is sovereign wealth funds, and the role of public administration in it.