This book has been written to have full grasp of nature and causes of Land Degradation, methods of evaluation, characterisation and control measures for maintaining its productivity. The vast area of land degradation has been covered in a simple and concise form. The book is comprises of ten chapters covering all aspects of physical, chemical and biological processes leading to land degradation under different agro- ecosystems. Physical land degradation leading to soil compression, compaction, soil crusting, slow and highly permeable soils were discussed thoroughly. Chemical land degradation leading to iron and aluminium toxicity, soil acidity, acid sulphate soils, soil salinity and alkalinity have discussed. For management of wastelands, the concept of watershed management based on land capability classification, land suitability classification were discussed in detail. Due emphasis was given to maintain soil health and soil quality for sustainable crop production.