Nanotechnology and Nanoparticles are generally considered an invention of modern science. However they have a long history which can be thousands of years. The people however did not know what they were doing. In the last twenty years there has been a massive advance of nanomaterials in material science and nanotechnology. This book provides a brief history of nano materials along with their process of synthesis as have been developed over the years also deals with the different characterization techniques like UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infra Red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive spectrophotometer, Transmission electron microscopy etc.