The overarching goal of this study was to enhance diversity at all levels, as the best strategy to increase resilience to climate change and secure the viability of Mediterranean socio-ecosystems. The study was structured according to three phases: 1. Design and implement a landscape restoration plan to increase resilience of ecosystems along the gradient from Bekaa Valley to the Lebanon Western Range. 2. Design innovative strategies to enhance sustainable land uses. 3. Ensure the continuity of the restoration work by building a network of partners among public administrations, private sector, NGOs and community groups. All restoration work should give priority to the regeneration of cedar forests, the diversification of natural habitats and the preservation of threatened species.