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Ultrasonography is an important adjuvant for the clinical assessment of a variety of ocular and orbital diseases. With proper use, one can gather a vast amount of information not possible with physical exam alone.
Ultrasound is most useful when intraocular are difficult or impossible to examine. Situations that prevent normal examination include lid problems (severe edema, partial or total tarsorrhaphy), keratoprosthesis, corneal opacities, hyphema, hypopyon, miosis, pupillary membranes, dense cataracts, or vitreous opacities (hemorrhage, inflammatory debris).
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Ultrasonography is an important adjuvant for the clinical assessment of a variety of ocular and orbital diseases. With proper use, one can gather a vast amount of information not possible with physical exam alone.
Ultrasound is most useful when intraocular are difficult or impossible to examine. Situations that prevent normal examination include lid problems (severe edema, partial or total tarsorrhaphy), keratoprosthesis, corneal opacities, hyphema, hypopyon, miosis, pupillary membranes, dense cataracts, or vitreous opacities (hemorrhage, inflammatory debris).
Diagnostic B-scan ultrasound accurately images intraocular structures and give valuable information on the status of the lens, vitreous, retina, choroid, and sclera. Ultrasound is also used for diagnostic purposes when pathology is clinically visible, such as differentiating iris or ciliary body lesions; ruling out ciliary body detachments; differentiating intraocular tumors, serous versus hemorrhagic choroidal detachments, rhegmatogenous versus exudative retinal detachments, and disc drusen versus papilledema; or determining functioning versus nonfunctioning glaucoma tube shunts.
Ultrasound is most useful when intraocular are difficult or impossible to examine. Situations that prevent normal examination include lid problems (severe edema, partial or total tarsorrhaphy), keratoprosthesis, corneal opacities, hyphema, hypopyon, miosis, pupillary membranes, dense cataracts, or vitreous opacities (hemorrhage, inflammatory debris).
Diagnostic B-scan ultrasound accurately images intraocular structures and give valuable information on the status of the lens, vitreous, retina, choroid, and sclera. Ultrasound is also used for diagnostic purposes when pathology is clinically visible, such as differentiating iris or ciliary body lesions; ruling out ciliary body detachments; differentiating intraocular tumors, serous versus hemorrhagic choroidal detachments, rhegmatogenous versus exudative retinal detachments, and disc drusen versus papilledema; or determining functioning versus nonfunctioning glaucoma tube shunts.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Springer New York
- Erscheinungstermin: 27. August 2008
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9780387752440
- Artikelnr.: 37287266
- Verlag: Springer New York
- Erscheinungstermin: 27. August 2008
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9780387752440
- Artikelnr.: 37287266
Dr. Roger P. Harrie is an adjunct professor in the Department of Ophthalmology/Visual Sciences at the University of Utah. Cynthia Kendall has provided didactic, clinical and technical training to physicians, ophthalmic personnel, and bio-engineers in principles, examination techniques and design of diagnostic ultrasound for ophthalmology.
Introduction to ocular and orbital ultrasound.- The role of ultrasound in imaging studies of the eye.- The evaluation of the painful eye.- The eye with opaque media.- Vitreo-retinal disease.- Ocular and orbital trauma.- Biometry.- Anterior segment problems.- Intraocular tumors.- Diplopia.- The swollen disc.- Vascular lesions.- Pitfalls and artifacts.- Ophthalmic ultrasound in developing countries.
Part I. Indications for Ophthalmic Ultrasound.- 1. Case Study 1: Optic nerve drusen.- 2. Case Study 2: CB MM and sector cataract.- 3. Case Study 3: Small CB MM.- 4. Case Study 4: Iris bombe around IOL.- 5. Case Study 5: Choroidal MM.- 6. Case Study 6: Small choroidal MM.- 7. Case Study 7: PVD and retinal tear.- 8. Case Study 8: Vitreous syneresis.- 9. Case Study 9: Shallow RD.- 10. Case Study 10: Dacryoadenitis.- 11. Case Study 11: Optic nerve drusen.- 12. Case Study 12: Optic nerve druse and disc hemorrhage.- 13. Case Study 13: Central retinal artery embolus.- 14. Case Study 14: Retinoblastoma with fine Ca++.- 15. Case Study 15: EOMs in Graves disease.- 16. Case Study 16: Orbital myositis.- 17. Case Study 17: Idiopathic choroidal folds.- 18. Case Study 18: Choroidal folds and orbital lymphoma.- 19. Case Study 19: Cavernous hemangioma.- 20. Case Study 20: Pleomorphic adenoma of lacrimal gland.- 21. Case Study 21: Infantile hemangioma.- Part II. Basic Principles.- 22. Case Study 22: Choroidal MM.- 23. Case Study 23: Retinoblastoma.- 24. Case Study 24: Shallow RD.- 25. Case Study 25: Pleomorphic Adenoma of lac.- 26. Case Study 26: Subretinal hemorrhage.- 27. Case Study 27: Posterior scleritis.- 28. Case Study 28: Lymphoma of EOMs.- 29. Case Study 29: Optic nerves in PC.- 30. Case Study 30: Lymphoma of ONs.- Part III. Eye Pain.- 31. Case Study 31: Untreated MM.- 32. Case Study 32: Secluded pupil.- 33. Case Study 33: UGH syndrome.- 34. Case Study 34: Mild sinusitis.- 35. Case Study 35: ONs in PC.- 36. Case Study 36: Sinus Polyp.- 37. Case Study 37: Ethmoid sinusitis.- 38. Case Study 38: Sinus MM.- 39. Case Study 39: Frontal ethmoidal mucocle.- 40. Case Study 40: FB in NL duct.- 41. Case Study 41: Dacryuoadenitis.- 42. Case Study 42: Dacryoadenitis and sarcoid.- 43. Case Study 43: Pleomorphic adenoma of lac.- 44. Case Study 44: Adenocystic ca of lac.- 45. Case Study 45: Superior oblique tenodonitis.- 46. Case Study 46: Orbital myositis.- 47. CaseStudy 47: Low-grade orbital myositis.- 48. Case Study 48: Orbital myositis and scleritis.- 49. Case Study 49: Posterior scleritis.- 50. Case Study 50: Benign reactive lym hyper.- 51. Case Study 51: Orbital large cell lymph.- 52. Case Study 52: Choroiditis and VKH syndrome.- 53. Case Study 53: Inflammatory Graves disease.- 54. Case Study 54: Myositis and Graves disease.- 55. Case Study 55 : Retrobulbar neuritis.- 56. Case Study 56 : Sarocid optic neuritis.- 57. Case Study 57: Subperiosteal abscess.- 58. Case Study 58: Subperiosteal hemorrhage.- 59. Case Study 59: Bleed into lymphangioma.- 60. Case Study 60: Orbital metastasis.- 61. Case Study 61 : Sinus carcinoma.- 62. Case Study 62 : Cavernous hemangioma.- 63. Case Study 63: Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma.- Part IV. Blurred vision.- 64. Case Study 64: Phthisis bulbi.- 65. Case Study 65: Pre-phthisis.- 66. Case Study 66: Optic nerve glioma.- 67. Case Study 67: Intumescent lens.- 68. Case Study 68: Accomodative spasm.- 69. Case Study 69: PVD with retinal tear.- 70. Case Study 70: Ruptured globe.- 71. Case Study 71: Choroidal hemorrhage.- 72. Case Study 72: Giant retinal tear.- 73. Case Study 73: Intrasceral foreign body.- 74. Case Study 74: Intrachoroidal silicone oil.- 75. Case Study 75: Subperiosteal hem.- 76. Case Study 76: Microophthalmos with cyst.- 77. Case Study 77: Topamax angle closure.- 78. Case Study 78: Cyclitic membrane.- 79. Case Study 79: CB MM.- 80. Case Study 80: CB MM with IOL displace.- 81. Case Study 81: MM of CB with lens displace.- 82. Case Study 82 : Choroidal mm.- 83. Case Study 83 : Choroidal mm.- 84. Case Study 84 : PVD.- 85. Case Study 85 : Vitreous traction.- 86. Case Study 86: Retinal tear.- 87. Case Study 87: Ret tear with SRF.- 88. Case Study 88: Choroidal MM.- 89. Case Study 89: Ocular toxo.- 90. Case Study 90: Ocular large cell lymph.- 91. Case Study 91: Endophthamitis.- 92. Case Study 92: P acnes enophthalmitis.- 93. Case Study 93: Vitreous abscess.- 94. Case Study 94: Vitreoushem.- 95. Case Study 95: Ciliary body cyst.- 96. Case Study 96: Dislocated IOl.- 97. Case Study 97: Ruptured anterior lens capsule.- 98. Case Study 98: Shallow RD.- 99. Case Study 99: Macular traction.- 100. Case Study 100: Sympathetic Oph.- 101. Case Study 101: CRA embolus.- 102. Case Study 102: ON sheath mening.- 103. Case Study 103: Optic nerve lymphoma.- 104. Case Study 104: ON sheath hem.- 105. Case Study 105: ONs in PC.- Part V. Bulgy Eyes.- 106. Case Study 106: ON glioma.- 107. Case Study 107: Lev/SR complex in Graves.- 108. Case Study 108: Noncongestive Graves.- 109. Case Study 109: Cavernous Hemang.- 110. Case Study 110: Hemangiopericytoma.- 111. Case Study 111: Mucocele.- 112. Case Study 112: Acute sinusitis.- 113. Case Study 113: Pleomorphic adenoma of lac.- 114. Case Study 114: Dacryoadenitis.- 115. Case Study 115: Chronic dacryoadenitis.- 116. Case Study 116: Adenocystic ca of lac gland.- 117. Case Study 117: Pseudotumor.- 118. Case Study 118: Orbital myositis.- 119. Case Study 119: Sinus sqamous cell ca.- 120. Case Study 120: Graves disease.- 121. Case Study 121: Met to EOM.- 122. Case Study 122: Lymphoma of EOM.- 123. Case Study 123: SOV in CC fistula.- 124. Case Study 124: SOV in dural sinus fistula.- 125. Case Study 125: ON sheath meningioma.- 126. Case Study 126: ON sheath meningioma.- 127. Case Study 127: ON sheath hygroma.- 128. Case Study 128: Orbital hematic cyst.- 129. Case Study 129: Cavernous hemangioma.- 130. Case Study 130: Orbital lymphangioma.- 131. Case Study 131: Graves orbitopathy.- 132. Case Study 132: Increased orb fat in Graves.- 133. Case Study 133: T sign in retrobulbar neuritis.- 134. Case Study 134: Toolsa-hunt syndrome.- 135. Case Study 135: Orbital infantile hemangioma.- 136. Case Study 136: Orbital infantile hemangioma.- 137. Case Study 137: Orbital varix.- 138. Case Study 138: Orbital AV malformation.- 139. Case Study 139: Lymphoma of eyelid.- 140. Case Study 140: Leukemic infiltrate.- 141. Case Study 141:Dacryocystocele.- 142. Case Study 142: Hemangiopericytoma of lac sac.- 143. Case Study 143: Orbital meningioma.- Part VI. Lumps and bumps.- 144. Case Study 144: Choroidal MM Rx'd plaque.- 145. Case Study 145: Pseudomelanoma.- 146. Case Study 146: Conversion of nevus to mm.- 147. Case Study 147: Nevus transforming to mm.- 148. Case Study 148: Choroidal MM with extrascleral.- 149. Case Study 149: Choridal MM with ON invasion.- 150. Case Study 150: Diffuse choridal MM.- 151. Case Study 151: Met to choroid.- 152. Case Study 152: Met to choroid.- 153. Case Study 153: Subretinal hemorrhage.- 154. Case Study 154: Subretinal disciform scar.- 155. Case Study 155: Choroidal hemangioma.- 156. Case Study 156: Carcinoid tumor.- 157. Case Study 157: Ocular lymphoma.- 158. Case Study 158: Posterior scleritis.- 159. Case Study 159: Choroidal osteoma.- 160. Case Study 160: On drusen.- 161. Case Study 161: Idiopathic choroidal Ca++.- 162. Case Study 162: conjunctival melaonoma.- 163. Case Study 163: Ring MM.- 164. Case Study 164: CB MM.- 165. Case Study 165: PseudoMM and cataract.- 166. Case Study 166: PseudoMM and dislocated lens.- 167. Case Study 167: Iris cysts.- 168. Case Study 168: Iris cyst with angle closure.- 169. Case Study 169: Epithelial of Post Cap.- Part VII. The White Pupil.- 170. Case Study 170: RB in an adult.- 171. Case Study 171: Rb.- 172. Case Study 172: Rb.- 173. Case Study 173: Infiltrating Rb.- 174. Case Study 174: endophytic Rb.- 175. Case Study 175: Rb.- 176. Case Study 176: PHPV.- 177. Case Study 177: retrolenticular PHPV.- 178. Case Study 178: PHPV misdx'd as dyktioma.- 179. Case Study 179: Coats.- 180. Case Study 180: Coats disease.- 181. Case Study 181: Medulloepithelioma.- 182. Case Study 182: ON coloboma.- 183. Case Study 183: posterior lenticonus.- Part VIII. Echography in Developing Countries.- 184. Case Study 184: 'T' retinal detachment.- 185. Case Study 185: ROP and RD.- 186. Case Study 186: Macular detachment.- 187. Case Study 187:Advanced PHPV.- 188. Case Study 188: Dislocated lens.- 189. Case Study 189: Intraocular FB.- 190. Case Study 190: FB in AC.- 191. Case Study 191: Intumescent lens angle closure.- 192. Case Study 192: Advanced ON cupping.- 193. Case Study 193: Rb.- 194. Case Study 194: PHPV.- 195. Case Study 195 : Graves.- 196. Case Study 196: Orbital pseudotumor.- 197. Case Study 197: Orbital myositis.- 198. Case Study 198: Orbial lymphangioma.- 199. Case Study 199: Mucocele.- 200. Case Study 200: Sinusitis.- 201. Case Study 201: Subperiosteal Abscess.- Part IX. Summary.- Part X. References.
Introduction to ocular and orbital ultrasound.- The role of ultrasound in imaging studies of the eye.- The evaluation of the painful eye.- The eye with opaque media.- Vitreo-retinal disease.- Ocular and orbital trauma.- Biometry.- Anterior segment problems.- Intraocular tumors.- Diplopia.- The swollen disc.- Vascular lesions.- Pitfalls and artifacts.- Ophthalmic ultrasound in developing countries.
Part I. Indications for Ophthalmic Ultrasound.- 1. Case Study 1: Optic nerve drusen.- 2. Case Study 2: CB MM and sector cataract.- 3. Case Study 3: Small CB MM.- 4. Case Study 4: Iris bombe around IOL.- 5. Case Study 5: Choroidal MM.- 6. Case Study 6: Small choroidal MM.- 7. Case Study 7: PVD and retinal tear.- 8. Case Study 8: Vitreous syneresis.- 9. Case Study 9: Shallow RD.- 10. Case Study 10: Dacryoadenitis.- 11. Case Study 11: Optic nerve drusen.- 12. Case Study 12: Optic nerve druse and disc hemorrhage.- 13. Case Study 13: Central retinal artery embolus.- 14. Case Study 14: Retinoblastoma with fine Ca++.- 15. Case Study 15: EOMs in Graves disease.- 16. Case Study 16: Orbital myositis.- 17. Case Study 17: Idiopathic choroidal folds.- 18. Case Study 18: Choroidal folds and orbital lymphoma.- 19. Case Study 19: Cavernous hemangioma.- 20. Case Study 20: Pleomorphic adenoma of lacrimal gland.- 21. Case Study 21: Infantile hemangioma.- Part II. Basic Principles.- 22. Case Study 22: Choroidal MM.- 23. Case Study 23: Retinoblastoma.- 24. Case Study 24: Shallow RD.- 25. Case Study 25: Pleomorphic Adenoma of lac.- 26. Case Study 26: Subretinal hemorrhage.- 27. Case Study 27: Posterior scleritis.- 28. Case Study 28: Lymphoma of EOMs.- 29. Case Study 29: Optic nerves in PC.- 30. Case Study 30: Lymphoma of ONs.- Part III. Eye Pain.- 31. Case Study 31: Untreated MM.- 32. Case Study 32: Secluded pupil.- 33. Case Study 33: UGH syndrome.- 34. Case Study 34: Mild sinusitis.- 35. Case Study 35: ONs in PC.- 36. Case Study 36: Sinus Polyp.- 37. Case Study 37: Ethmoid sinusitis.- 38. Case Study 38: Sinus MM.- 39. Case Study 39: Frontal ethmoidal mucocle.- 40. Case Study 40: FB in NL duct.- 41. Case Study 41: Dacryuoadenitis.- 42. Case Study 42: Dacryoadenitis and sarcoid.- 43. Case Study 43: Pleomorphic adenoma of lac.- 44. Case Study 44: Adenocystic ca of lac.- 45. Case Study 45: Superior oblique tenodonitis.- 46. Case Study 46: Orbital myositis.- 47. CaseStudy 47: Low-grade orbital myositis.- 48. Case Study 48: Orbital myositis and scleritis.- 49. Case Study 49: Posterior scleritis.- 50. Case Study 50: Benign reactive lym hyper.- 51. Case Study 51: Orbital large cell lymph.- 52. Case Study 52: Choroiditis and VKH syndrome.- 53. Case Study 53: Inflammatory Graves disease.- 54. Case Study 54: Myositis and Graves disease.- 55. Case Study 55 : Retrobulbar neuritis.- 56. Case Study 56 : Sarocid optic neuritis.- 57. Case Study 57: Subperiosteal abscess.- 58. Case Study 58: Subperiosteal hemorrhage.- 59. Case Study 59: Bleed into lymphangioma.- 60. Case Study 60: Orbital metastasis.- 61. Case Study 61 : Sinus carcinoma.- 62. Case Study 62 : Cavernous hemangioma.- 63. Case Study 63: Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma.- Part IV. Blurred vision.- 64. Case Study 64: Phthisis bulbi.- 65. Case Study 65: Pre-phthisis.- 66. Case Study 66: Optic nerve glioma.- 67. Case Study 67: Intumescent lens.- 68. Case Study 68: Accomodative spasm.- 69. Case Study 69: PVD with retinal tear.- 70. Case Study 70: Ruptured globe.- 71. Case Study 71: Choroidal hemorrhage.- 72. Case Study 72: Giant retinal tear.- 73. Case Study 73: Intrasceral foreign body.- 74. Case Study 74: Intrachoroidal silicone oil.- 75. Case Study 75: Subperiosteal hem.- 76. Case Study 76: Microophthalmos with cyst.- 77. Case Study 77: Topamax angle closure.- 78. Case Study 78: Cyclitic membrane.- 79. Case Study 79: CB MM.- 80. Case Study 80: CB MM with IOL displace.- 81. Case Study 81: MM of CB with lens displace.- 82. Case Study 82 : Choroidal mm.- 83. Case Study 83 : Choroidal mm.- 84. Case Study 84 : PVD.- 85. Case Study 85 : Vitreous traction.- 86. Case Study 86: Retinal tear.- 87. Case Study 87: Ret tear with SRF.- 88. Case Study 88: Choroidal MM.- 89. Case Study 89: Ocular toxo.- 90. Case Study 90: Ocular large cell lymph.- 91. Case Study 91: Endophthamitis.- 92. Case Study 92: P acnes enophthalmitis.- 93. Case Study 93: Vitreous abscess.- 94. Case Study 94: Vitreoushem.- 95. Case Study 95: Ciliary body cyst.- 96. Case Study 96: Dislocated IOl.- 97. Case Study 97: Ruptured anterior lens capsule.- 98. Case Study 98: Shallow RD.- 99. Case Study 99: Macular traction.- 100. Case Study 100: Sympathetic Oph.- 101. Case Study 101: CRA embolus.- 102. Case Study 102: ON sheath mening.- 103. Case Study 103: Optic nerve lymphoma.- 104. Case Study 104: ON sheath hem.- 105. Case Study 105: ONs in PC.- Part V. Bulgy Eyes.- 106. Case Study 106: ON glioma.- 107. Case Study 107: Lev/SR complex in Graves.- 108. Case Study 108: Noncongestive Graves.- 109. Case Study 109: Cavernous Hemang.- 110. Case Study 110: Hemangiopericytoma.- 111. Case Study 111: Mucocele.- 112. Case Study 112: Acute sinusitis.- 113. Case Study 113: Pleomorphic adenoma of lac.- 114. Case Study 114: Dacryoadenitis.- 115. Case Study 115: Chronic dacryoadenitis.- 116. Case Study 116: Adenocystic ca of lac gland.- 117. Case Study 117: Pseudotumor.- 118. Case Study 118: Orbital myositis.- 119. Case Study 119: Sinus sqamous cell ca.- 120. Case Study 120: Graves disease.- 121. Case Study 121: Met to EOM.- 122. Case Study 122: Lymphoma of EOM.- 123. Case Study 123: SOV in CC fistula.- 124. Case Study 124: SOV in dural sinus fistula.- 125. Case Study 125: ON sheath meningioma.- 126. Case Study 126: ON sheath meningioma.- 127. Case Study 127: ON sheath hygroma.- 128. Case Study 128: Orbital hematic cyst.- 129. Case Study 129: Cavernous hemangioma.- 130. Case Study 130: Orbital lymphangioma.- 131. Case Study 131: Graves orbitopathy.- 132. Case Study 132: Increased orb fat in Graves.- 133. Case Study 133: T sign in retrobulbar neuritis.- 134. Case Study 134: Toolsa-hunt syndrome.- 135. Case Study 135: Orbital infantile hemangioma.- 136. Case Study 136: Orbital infantile hemangioma.- 137. Case Study 137: Orbital varix.- 138. Case Study 138: Orbital AV malformation.- 139. Case Study 139: Lymphoma of eyelid.- 140. Case Study 140: Leukemic infiltrate.- 141. Case Study 141:Dacryocystocele.- 142. Case Study 142: Hemangiopericytoma of lac sac.- 143. Case Study 143: Orbital meningioma.- Part VI. Lumps and bumps.- 144. Case Study 144: Choroidal MM Rx'd plaque.- 145. Case Study 145: Pseudomelanoma.- 146. Case Study 146: Conversion of nevus to mm.- 147. Case Study 147: Nevus transforming to mm.- 148. Case Study 148: Choroidal MM with extrascleral.- 149. Case Study 149: Choridal MM with ON invasion.- 150. Case Study 150: Diffuse choridal MM.- 151. Case Study 151: Met to choroid.- 152. Case Study 152: Met to choroid.- 153. Case Study 153: Subretinal hemorrhage.- 154. Case Study 154: Subretinal disciform scar.- 155. Case Study 155: Choroidal hemangioma.- 156. Case Study 156: Carcinoid tumor.- 157. Case Study 157: Ocular lymphoma.- 158. Case Study 158: Posterior scleritis.- 159. Case Study 159: Choroidal osteoma.- 160. Case Study 160: On drusen.- 161. Case Study 161: Idiopathic choroidal Ca++.- 162. Case Study 162: conjunctival melaonoma.- 163. Case Study 163: Ring MM.- 164. Case Study 164: CB MM.- 165. Case Study 165: PseudoMM and cataract.- 166. Case Study 166: PseudoMM and dislocated lens.- 167. Case Study 167: Iris cysts.- 168. Case Study 168: Iris cyst with angle closure.- 169. Case Study 169: Epithelial of Post Cap.- Part VII. The White Pupil.- 170. Case Study 170: RB in an adult.- 171. Case Study 171: Rb.- 172. Case Study 172: Rb.- 173. Case Study 173: Infiltrating Rb.- 174. Case Study 174: endophytic Rb.- 175. Case Study 175: Rb.- 176. Case Study 176: PHPV.- 177. Case Study 177: retrolenticular PHPV.- 178. Case Study 178: PHPV misdx'd as dyktioma.- 179. Case Study 179: Coats.- 180. Case Study 180: Coats disease.- 181. Case Study 181: Medulloepithelioma.- 182. Case Study 182: ON coloboma.- 183. Case Study 183: posterior lenticonus.- Part VIII. Echography in Developing Countries.- 184. Case Study 184: 'T' retinal detachment.- 185. Case Study 185: ROP and RD.- 186. Case Study 186: Macular detachment.- 187. Case Study 187:Advanced PHPV.- 188. Case Study 188: Dislocated lens.- 189. Case Study 189: Intraocular FB.- 190. Case Study 190: FB in AC.- 191. Case Study 191: Intumescent lens angle closure.- 192. Case Study 192: Advanced ON cupping.- 193. Case Study 193: Rb.- 194. Case Study 194: PHPV.- 195. Case Study 195 : Graves.- 196. Case Study 196: Orbital pseudotumor.- 197. Case Study 197: Orbital myositis.- 198. Case Study 198: Orbial lymphangioma.- 199. Case Study 199: Mucocele.- 200. Case Study 200: Sinusitis.- 201. Case Study 201: Subperiosteal Abscess.- Part IX. Summary.- Part X. References.