It is now well established fact that Mushrooms-fleshy fungi-are essential to recycling organic wastes and the efficient return of nutrients back into the ecosystem. Mushrooms importance has been in forefront in uplifting the agrarian empower of every country, farm, recycling center and individual with direct economic, ecological and medical benefits economy of the country. This book strives to create new models for the future use of higher fungi in the environment. In view of their importance and meager amount of work on their systematics, sociobiology, nutritional and nutraceutical aspects, culturing and conservation, the present book with specific objectives has been designed for investigation. Future implications and ramifications stemming from the practices and their pharmacological activities has been depicted in this book.