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Produktbild: Exposure Assessment and Safety Considerations for Working with Engineered Nanoparticles

Exposure Assessment and Safety Considerations for Working with Engineered Nanoparticles

124,99 €

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

26.06.2015

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

312

Maße (L/B/H)

24/16,1/2,1 cm

Gewicht

639 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-470-46706-0

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

26.06.2015

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

312

Maße (L/B/H)

24/16,1/2,1 cm

Gewicht

639 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-470-46706-0

Herstelleradresse

Libri GmbH
Europaallee 1
36244 Bad Hersfeld
DE

Email: gpsr@libri.de

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  • Produktbild: Exposure Assessment and Safety Considerations for Working with Engineered Nanoparticles
  • Preface_xiii
     
    1 Introduction 1
     
    1.1 Why A Book on Nanotechnology Health and Safety? 1
     
    1.2 Some Scenarios 3
     
    1.3 Organization of the Material 5
     
    1.4 Our Approach to Nanoparticle Health and Safety 5
     
    References 7
     
    2 What is a Nanoparticle? 8
     
    2.1 Nanotechnology, Nanomaterials, and Nanoparticles 9
     
    2.1.1 Nanotechnology 9
     
    2.1.2 Nanomaterial 9
     
    2.1.3 Nanoparticle 9
     
    2.2 Naturally Occurring Nanoparticles 10
     
    2.3 Industrial Nanoparticles 12
     
    2.4 Engineered Nanoparticles 14
     
    2.4.1 Carbon Nanotubes 15
     
    2.4.2 Fullerenes 17
     
    2.4.3 Quantum Dots 17
     
    2.5 Emerging Uses for Engineered Nanoparticles 19
     
    2.6 Other Useful Definitions 20
     
    2.6.1 Aerosol 20
     
    2.6.2 Particle Inertia 21
     
    2.6.3 Brownian Motion 22
     
    2.6.4 Particle Diameter 23
     
    2.6.5 Agglomerate versus Aggregate 24
     
    2.7 Summary 25
     
    References 26
     
    3 Why are we Concerned? The Unique Properties of Nanoparticles 28
     
    3.1 Surface?]to?]Volume Ratio 28
     
    3.2 Particle Size 30
     
    3.3 Particle Concentration 32
     
    3.4 Dose Metrics: Particle Number, Surface Area, Morphology, and Surface Properties 33
     
    3.5 Implications for the Occupational and Environmental Health Impacts of Nanoparticles 33
     
    3.5.1 Respiratory Deposition 33
     
    3.5.2 Skin Penetration 34
     
    3.6 Implications for Physical Risks 35
     
    3.6.1 Introduction 35
     
    3.6.2 Current Status 35
     
    3.6.3 Conclusions 36
     
    3.7 Summary 37
     
    References 37
     
    4 Routes of Exposure for Engineered Nanoparticles 39
     
    4.1 Introduction 39
     
    4.2 Engineered Nanoparticle Exposure through Inhalation 40
     
    4.2.1 Human Respiratory System 40
     
    4.2.2 Particle Deposition in the Respiratory System 43
     
    4.3 Engineered Nanoparticle Exposure Through Dermal Contact 46
     
    4.4 Engineered Nanoparticle Exposure Through Ingestion 48
     
    4.5 T ranslocation of Nanoparticles from the Lung 48
     
    4.6 Summary 49
     
    References 49
     
    5 Current Knowledge on the Toxicity of Nanoparticles 51
     
    5.1 Introduction 51
     
    5.2 The Toxicity of Industrial Nanoparticles 52
     
    5.3 Nanoparticle Toxicity: General Concepts 53
     
    5.3.1 Routes of Exposure 53
     
    5.3.2 In Vivo and In Vitro Testing 53
     
    5.4 Carbon Nanotubes 54
     
    5.5 Fullerenes 56
     
    5.6 Quantum Dots 58
     
    5.7 Metal?]Based Nanoparticles 58
     
    5.8 Summary 59
     
    References 60
     
    6 Sources of Exposure 63
     
    6.1 Overview of Occupational Exposures 63
     
    6.2 Occupational Exposures in Research Facilities 64
     
    6.3 Occupational Exposures in Manufacturing Facilities 65
     
    6.4 Exposure Potential for ENPs in Different Physical States 66
     
    6.4.1 Dry Powders 66
     
    6.4.2 Liquid Suspensions 69
     
    6.4.3 ENPs Bound to a Solid 72
     
    6.5 Environmental Exposures to Engineered Nanoparticles 73
     
    6.5.1 Environmental Releases 73
     
    6.5.2 Exposures Through a Product's Life Cycle 74
     
    References 76
     
    7 Evaluation of Exposures to Engineered Nanoparticles 79
     
    7.1 Current Knowledge Concerning Exposure to Engineered
     
    Nanoparticles 79
     
    7.2 Exposure to Engineered Nanoparticles by Inhalation 81
     
    7.2.1 Mass Sampling 81
     
    7.2.2 Surface Area Measurement 83
     
    7.2.3 Number Concentration Measurement 84
     
    7.2.4 Conversion between Number, Surface Area, and Mass Concentrations 98
     
    7.2.5