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Produktbild: Genetic Structure and Selection in Subdivided Populations
Band 63

Genetic Structure and Selection in Subdivided Populations

Aus der Reihe Monographs in Population Biology

114,99 €

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

25.01.2004

Verlag

Princeton University Press

Seitenzahl

264

Maße (L/B/H)

21,5/14,1/1,8 cm

Gewicht

336 g

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-691-08817-4

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

25.01.2004

Verlag

Princeton University Press

Seitenzahl

264

Maße (L/B/H)

21,5/14,1/1,8 cm

Gewicht

336 g

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-691-08817-4

Herstelleradresse

Libri GmbH
Europaallee 1
36244 Bad Hersfeld
DE

Email: gpsr@libri.de

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  • Produktbild: Genetic Structure and Selection in Subdivided Populations
  • List of Figures and Tables xi
    Acknowledgments xiii
    Preface xv
    What Is and Is Not There xv
    Assumed Background xv
    Of Gene and Fitness xvi
    1. Introduction 1
    Genetic Structure in Relation to Selection 1
    Plan of the Book 5
    2. Selection and Drift 9
    Selection in Panmictic Populations 9
    Evolution in Spatially Structured Populations 11
    Selection and Local Drift 12
    Effective Size in Subdivided Populations 13
    Measuring Population Structure 14
    Genetic Identity 14
    Statistical Concepts of Equilibrium and Population 19
    Summary 21
    3. Spatially Homogeneous Dispersal: The Island Model and Isolation by Distance 23
    Island Models 24
    Isolation by Distance 28
    Dispersal in Natural Populations 29
    The Lattice Models 32
    Differentiation under Isolation by Distance 35
    Summary 44
    Appendix 1: General Analysis of the Lattice Model 45
    Appendix 2: Miscellaneous Results 49
    Diversity in a Deme 49
    Average Diversity in a Population 50
    Differentiation under Low Dispersal 51
    4. Interpretations of Inbreeding and Relatedness Coefficients in Subdivided Populations 53
    Probabilities of Coalescence in Migration Matrix Models 54
    Migration Matrix Models: Formulation 54
    Probabilities of Coalescence 55
    Interpretations of FST 56
    Coalescence before Dispersal 56
    Separation of Time Scales 57
    An Ancestral Reference Population? 58
    Differences between Distributions of Coalescence Times 58
    Properties of Inbreeding Coefficients 62
    Sensitivity to Mutation and to Past Demographic Events 62
    No Mutation 63
    Alternative Measures of Allelic Divergence 64
    5. Evolutionary Dynamics 67
    Fitness in a Panmictic Population 67
    Example: Resource Competition 67
    Convergence Stability 68
    Evolutionary Stability 71
    Applicability of This Framework 74
    Fitness in a Subdivided Population 81
    Frequency Dependence in Subdivided Populations 82
    How to Measure Selection? 84
    Conclusion 87
    Appendix: The Prisoner's Dilemma Game 88
    Noniterated Game 88
    Iterated Game 89
    6. Convergence Stability in a Spatially Homogeneous Population 91
    Weak Selection Effects on Probability of Fixation 92
    Fixation Probability as Allele Frequency Change 92
    Fitness Functions 93
    Fixation Probability: Direct Fitness Expansion 97
    Expression in Terms of Parameters of Population Structure 97
    Practical Computation of Convergence Stability 99
    Island Model 99
    Isolation by Distance 100
    Conclusions 101
    Direct Fitness Method 101
    Fitness Maximization 103
    7. Inclusive Fitness, Cooperation, and Altruism 105
    What Inclusive Fitness Does Measure 106
    Inclusive and Direct Fitness 106
    Hamilton's Derivation of Inclusive Fitness 108
    Isolation by Distance 109
    Altruism in Spatially Subdivided Populations 111
    Cost, Benefit, and Relatedness 111
    Helping Neighbors 112
    Other Examples 116
    The Importance of Kin Competition 117
    Kin Recognition 118
    Implications for Modeling Approaches 119
    Inclusive Fitness Theory 119
    Other Frameworks 121
    Appendix: Helping Neighbors under Isolation by Distance 124
    8. Diploidy (and Sex) 127
    Population Structure of Diploid Populations 128
    Analysis of Pollen and Seed Dispersal 129
    Joint Effects of Selfing and Selection on Population Structure 136
    Selection in Sexual Diploid Populations 137
    Parent and Offspring Control 138
    Dominance 140
    Highlights 141
    9. Effective Size: Concepts and Applications to Stable Populations 143
    Defining Effective Size 144
    Application in Diffusion Approximations 147
    Computation of Effective Size of a Total Population 152
    Reproductive Value 153
    Deme Structure: The Strong Migration Limit 155
    Deme Structure: More Accurate Results 160
    Additional Factors 162
    Local Effective Size 167
    Concluding Remarks 168
    Appendix 171
    Dispersal and Class Transitions 171
    Strong Migration Limit 173
    10. Fluctuating Demography: Neutral Models 175
    Effective Size of an Isolated Deme 175
    Defining Effective Size 176
    An Example 177
    Structured Populations 178
    A Metapopulation Model 179
    Propagule Models 184
    Inferences 187
    11. Selection in Class-Structured Populations 189
    Fitness Measures 190
    Stable Demography 190
    Fluctuating Demography 192
    Fitness as Eigenvalue 194
    Diffusion Approximations 196
    Inferences 196
    12. Overview and Perspectives 199
    Statistical Analyses of Genetic Structure 199
    All Those Data 199
    Estimation Methods 201
    Robustness 203
    Estimation of Effective Size 203
    Some Easy Improvements 204
    Prospects for the Analysis of Selection 206
    Current State of Theory 206
    Avenues for Simplifications 208
    Conclusion 209
    Appendix: Algorithms for Likelihood Estimation 211
    Appendix A. Mathematical Appendix 215
    Notation 215
    Matrix Algebra 217
    Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 217
    Diagonalizable Matrices 219
    Generating Functions 220
    Computation of Identity in State 221
    Mutation Models 221
    Identity in the Different Mutation Models 222
    References 227
    Index 261