Wasantha Mampearachchi
Handbook on Concrete Block Paving
Wasantha Mampearachchi
Handbook on Concrete Block Paving
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This book provides a comprehensive overview of concrete block paving (CBP). Starting with the basics, such as the history, applications, advantages and limitations of CBP, it then discusses in detail the structural behavior, construction process, and design support conditions, covering topics like specifications for blocks and laying patterns, field performance and mix design for ICBP. Lastly, it examines good CBP practices and maintenance.
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This book provides a comprehensive overview of concrete block paving (CBP). Starting with the basics, such as the history, applications, advantages and limitations of CBP, it then discusses in detail the structural behavior, construction process, and design support conditions, covering topics like specifications for blocks and laying patterns, field performance and mix design for ICBP. Lastly, it examines good CBP practices and maintenance.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Springer / Springer Nature Singapore / Springer, Berlin
- Artikelnr. des Verlages: 978-981-13-8416-5
- 1st ed. 2019
- Seitenzahl: 112
- Erscheinungstermin: 10. Juli 2019
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 241mm x 160mm x 12mm
- Gewicht: 327g
- ISBN-13: 9789811384165
- ISBN-10: 9811384169
- Artikelnr.: 56310701
- Verlag: Springer / Springer Nature Singapore / Springer, Berlin
- Artikelnr. des Verlages: 978-981-13-8416-5
- 1st ed. 2019
- Seitenzahl: 112
- Erscheinungstermin: 10. Juli 2019
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 241mm x 160mm x 12mm
- Gewicht: 327g
- ISBN-13: 9789811384165
- ISBN-10: 9811384169
- Artikelnr.: 56310701
Prof. Wasantha Mampearachchi is a Professor at the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Moratuwa (UOM), Sri Lanka. He holds a B.Sc. Eng. (UOM, 1997), an M.S. in Civil Engineering (University of South Florida (USF), 2001), and a Ph.D. in Civil Engineering (University of Florida (UF), 2005). He has published 50 research papers in peer-reviewed journals, and in 2014 he received a presidential award for his scientific publications. He has served as the PI and co-PI for several research projects funded by government (e.g. NSF, SRC), non-government (e.g. ADB, WB), and local agencies.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 WHY WE NEED CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
2. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
2.1 INTERLOCKING MECHANISM
2.2 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLOCK SHAPES
2.3 THICKNESS OF THE BLOCK
2.4 BLOCK SIZE
2.5 BLOCK STRENGTH
2.6 LAYING PATTERN
2.7 DETERMINATION OF AN EFFECTIVE LAYING PATTERN
2.8 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF LAYING PATTERN
2.9 JOINT BETWEEN THE BLOCKS, AND FILLING OF BLOCK JOINTS
3. CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
3.1 MIX DESIGN OF ICBP
3.2 FACTORS GOVERNING THE MIX DESIGN
3.2.1 Strength
3.2.2 Water content
3.2.3 Surface texture of the blocks
3.3 MIXTURE DESIGN METHODS
3.3.1 Trial and error method
3.3.2 ACI method
3.3.3 DOE method
3.3.4 Particle optimization method
3.4 Problems faced by the industry related to mix designs
3.4.1 Improper aggregate gradations
3.4.2 Water/cement ratio
3.4.3 Improper curing methods
3.5 A new mixture design method for the ICBP using packing optimization
3.5.1 Step 1 - Tests on aggregates
3.5.2 Step 2 - Selection of vibration frequency
3.5.3 Step 3 - Determination of packing density (Model application)
3.5.4 Step 4 - Water/cement ratio calculation
3.5.5 Step 5 - Strength class determination (Excessive cement paste)
3.5.6 Step 6 - Calculation of mixture proportions
3.6 Summary of the mix design
3.7 Case Study
3.8 Advantages and Limitations of the proposed method
4. CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING DESIGN SUPPORT CONDITION
4.1 PAVEMENT DESIGN METHOD FOR CBP
4.1.1 Development of Design Charts
4.1.2 Design Chart I (Base Improvement with 150mm ABC Layer)
4.1.3 Design Chart II (Base Improvements without Sub Base Layer)
4.2 OPTIMUM SUPPORT CONDITION FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
4.3 PROPOSED DESIGN FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
5. GOOD PRACTICES IN CONCRETE BLOCK LAYING
5.1 DESIGN OF BLOCK LAYING AT CURVES
5.2 CHANGES IN DIRECTION AT INTERSECTIONS AND CORNERS
5.3 ESTABLISHING LAYING PATTERN
5.3.1 Angle Laying (Block Axis is not Parallel to the Edge Restrain)
5.3.2 Block axis is parallel to the Edge Restrain
6. MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT
6.1 FAILURE CATEGORIES
6.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
6.2.1 Removal of the Paving Blocks
6.3 REPAIR OR REINSTATE THE LOWER PAVEMENT LAYERS
6.4 SELECT REPLACEMENT BLOCKS
6.5 LAYING OF BLOCKS
6.6 CHECK JOINT WIDTH AND BLOCK HEIGHTS
6.7 FILL BLOCK JOINT
6.8 FINAL CHECK
Appendix 1: Equivalent Design Method
Appendix 2: Subgrade improvement for medium traffic level
Appendix 3: Design specifications
Appendix 4: Edge restraints
References
1.1 WHY WE NEED CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
2. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
2.1 INTERLOCKING MECHANISM
2.2 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLOCK SHAPES
2.3 THICKNESS OF THE BLOCK
2.4 BLOCK SIZE
2.5 BLOCK STRENGTH
2.6 LAYING PATTERN
2.7 DETERMINATION OF AN EFFECTIVE LAYING PATTERN
2.8 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF LAYING PATTERN
2.9 JOINT BETWEEN THE BLOCKS, AND FILLING OF BLOCK JOINTS
3. CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
3.1 MIX DESIGN OF ICBP
3.2 FACTORS GOVERNING THE MIX DESIGN
3.2.1 Strength
3.2.2 Water content
3.2.3 Surface texture of the blocks
3.3 MIXTURE DESIGN METHODS
3.3.1 Trial and error method
3.3.2 ACI method
3.3.3 DOE method
3.3.4 Particle optimization method
3.4 Problems faced by the industry related to mix designs
3.4.1 Improper aggregate gradations
3.4.2 Water/cement ratio
3.4.3 Improper curing methods
3.5 A new mixture design method for the ICBP using packing optimization
3.5.1 Step 1 - Tests on aggregates
3.5.2 Step 2 - Selection of vibration frequency
3.5.3 Step 3 - Determination of packing density (Model application)
3.5.4 Step 4 - Water/cement ratio calculation
3.5.5 Step 5 - Strength class determination (Excessive cement paste)
3.5.6 Step 6 - Calculation of mixture proportions
3.6 Summary of the mix design
3.7 Case Study
3.8 Advantages and Limitations of the proposed method
4. CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING DESIGN SUPPORT CONDITION
4.1 PAVEMENT DESIGN METHOD FOR CBP
4.1.1 Development of Design Charts
4.1.2 Design Chart I (Base Improvement with 150mm ABC Layer)
4.1.3 Design Chart II (Base Improvements without Sub Base Layer)
4.2 OPTIMUM SUPPORT CONDITION FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
4.3 PROPOSED DESIGN FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
5. GOOD PRACTICES IN CONCRETE BLOCK LAYING
5.1 DESIGN OF BLOCK LAYING AT CURVES
5.2 CHANGES IN DIRECTION AT INTERSECTIONS AND CORNERS
5.3 ESTABLISHING LAYING PATTERN
5.3.1 Angle Laying (Block Axis is not Parallel to the Edge Restrain)
5.3.2 Block axis is parallel to the Edge Restrain
6. MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT
6.1 FAILURE CATEGORIES
6.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
6.2.1 Removal of the Paving Blocks
6.3 REPAIR OR REINSTATE THE LOWER PAVEMENT LAYERS
6.4 SELECT REPLACEMENT BLOCKS
6.5 LAYING OF BLOCKS
6.6 CHECK JOINT WIDTH AND BLOCK HEIGHTS
6.7 FILL BLOCK JOINT
6.8 FINAL CHECK
Appendix 1: Equivalent Design Method
Appendix 2: Subgrade improvement for medium traffic level
Appendix 3: Design specifications
Appendix 4: Edge restraints
References
INTRODUCTION
1.1 WHY WE NEED CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
2. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
2.1 INTERLOCKING MECHANISM
2.2 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLOCK SHAPES
2.3 THICKNESS OF THE BLOCK
2.4 BLOCK SIZE
2.5 BLOCK STRENGTH
2.6 LAYING PATTERN
2.7 DETERMINATION OF AN EFFECTIVE LAYING PATTERN
2.8 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF LAYING PATTERN
2.9 JOINT BETWEEN THE BLOCKS, AND FILLING OF BLOCK JOINTS
3. CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
3.1 MIX DESIGN OF ICBP
3.2 FACTORS GOVERNING THE MIX DESIGN
3.2.1 Strength
3.2.2 Water content
3.2.3 Surface texture of the blocks
3.3 MIXTURE DESIGN METHODS
3.3.1 Trial and error method
3.3.2 ACI method
3.3.3 DOE method
3.3.4 Particle optimization method
3.4 Problems faced by the industry related to mix designs
3.4.1 Improper aggregate gradations
3.4.2 Water/cement ratio
3.4.3 Improper curing methods
3.5 A new mixture design method for the ICBP using packing optimization
3.5.1 Step 1 - Tests on aggregates
3.5.2 Step 2 - Selection of vibration frequency
3.5.3 Step 3 - Determination of packing density (Model application)
3.5.4 Step 4 - Water/cement ratio calculation
3.5.5 Step 5 - Strength class determination (Excessive cement paste)
3.5.6 Step 6 - Calculation of mixture proportions
3.6 Summary of the mix design
3.7 Case Study
3.8 Advantages and Limitations of the proposed method
4. CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING DESIGN SUPPORT CONDITION
4.1 PAVEMENT DESIGN METHOD FOR CBP
4.1.1 Development of Design Charts
4.1.2 Design Chart I (Base Improvement with 150mm ABC Layer)
4.1.3 Design Chart II (Base Improvements without Sub Base Layer)
4.2 OPTIMUM SUPPORT CONDITION FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
4.3 PROPOSED DESIGN FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
5. GOOD PRACTICES IN CONCRETE BLOCK LAYING
5.1 DESIGN OF BLOCK LAYING AT CURVES
5.2 CHANGES IN DIRECTION AT INTERSECTIONS AND CORNERS
5.3 ESTABLISHING LAYING PATTERN
5.3.1 Angle Laying (Block Axis is not Parallel to the Edge Restrain)
5.3.2 Block axis is parallel to the Edge Restrain
6. MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT
6.1 FAILURE CATEGORIES
6.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
6.2.1 Removal of the Paving Blocks
6.3 REPAIR OR REINSTATE THE LOWER PAVEMENT LAYERS
6.4 SELECT REPLACEMENT BLOCKS
6.5 LAYING OF BLOCKS
6.6 CHECK JOINT WIDTH AND BLOCK HEIGHTS
6.7 FILL BLOCK JOINT
6.8 FINAL CHECK
Appendix 1: Equivalent Design Method
Appendix 2: Subgrade improvement for medium traffic level
Appendix 3: Design specifications
Appendix 4: Edge restraints
References
1.1 WHY WE NEED CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
2. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
2.1 INTERLOCKING MECHANISM
2.2 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLOCK SHAPES
2.3 THICKNESS OF THE BLOCK
2.4 BLOCK SIZE
2.5 BLOCK STRENGTH
2.6 LAYING PATTERN
2.7 DETERMINATION OF AN EFFECTIVE LAYING PATTERN
2.8 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF LAYING PATTERN
2.9 JOINT BETWEEN THE BLOCKS, AND FILLING OF BLOCK JOINTS
3. CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
3.1 MIX DESIGN OF ICBP
3.2 FACTORS GOVERNING THE MIX DESIGN
3.2.1 Strength
3.2.2 Water content
3.2.3 Surface texture of the blocks
3.3 MIXTURE DESIGN METHODS
3.3.1 Trial and error method
3.3.2 ACI method
3.3.3 DOE method
3.3.4 Particle optimization method
3.4 Problems faced by the industry related to mix designs
3.4.1 Improper aggregate gradations
3.4.2 Water/cement ratio
3.4.3 Improper curing methods
3.5 A new mixture design method for the ICBP using packing optimization
3.5.1 Step 1 - Tests on aggregates
3.5.2 Step 2 - Selection of vibration frequency
3.5.3 Step 3 - Determination of packing density (Model application)
3.5.4 Step 4 - Water/cement ratio calculation
3.5.5 Step 5 - Strength class determination (Excessive cement paste)
3.5.6 Step 6 - Calculation of mixture proportions
3.6 Summary of the mix design
3.7 Case Study
3.8 Advantages and Limitations of the proposed method
4. CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING DESIGN SUPPORT CONDITION
4.1 PAVEMENT DESIGN METHOD FOR CBP
4.1.1 Development of Design Charts
4.1.2 Design Chart I (Base Improvement with 150mm ABC Layer)
4.1.3 Design Chart II (Base Improvements without Sub Base Layer)
4.2 OPTIMUM SUPPORT CONDITION FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
4.3 PROPOSED DESIGN FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
5. GOOD PRACTICES IN CONCRETE BLOCK LAYING
5.1 DESIGN OF BLOCK LAYING AT CURVES
5.2 CHANGES IN DIRECTION AT INTERSECTIONS AND CORNERS
5.3 ESTABLISHING LAYING PATTERN
5.3.1 Angle Laying (Block Axis is not Parallel to the Edge Restrain)
5.3.2 Block axis is parallel to the Edge Restrain
6. MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT
6.1 FAILURE CATEGORIES
6.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
6.2.1 Removal of the Paving Blocks
6.3 REPAIR OR REINSTATE THE LOWER PAVEMENT LAYERS
6.4 SELECT REPLACEMENT BLOCKS
6.5 LAYING OF BLOCKS
6.6 CHECK JOINT WIDTH AND BLOCK HEIGHTS
6.7 FILL BLOCK JOINT
6.8 FINAL CHECK
Appendix 1: Equivalent Design Method
Appendix 2: Subgrade improvement for medium traffic level
Appendix 3: Design specifications
Appendix 4: Edge restraints
References
INTRODUCTION
1.1 WHY WE NEED CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
2. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
2.1 INTERLOCKING MECHANISM
2.2 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLOCK SHAPES
2.3 THICKNESS OF THE BLOCK
2.4 BLOCK SIZE
2.5 BLOCK STRENGTH
2.6 LAYING PATTERN
2.7 DETERMINATION OF AN EFFECTIVE LAYING PATTERN
2.8 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF LAYING PATTERN
2.9 JOINT BETWEEN THE BLOCKS, AND FILLING OF BLOCK JOINTS
3. CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
3.1 MIX DESIGN OF ICBP
3.2 FACTORS GOVERNING THE MIX DESIGN
3.2.1 Strength
3.2.2 Water content
3.2.3 Surface texture of the blocks
3.3 MIXTURE DESIGN METHODS
3.3.1 Trial and error method
3.3.2 ACI method
3.3.3 DOE method
3.3.4 Particle optimization method
3.4 Problems faced by the industry related to mix designs
3.4.1 Improper aggregate gradations
3.4.2 Water/cement ratio
3.4.3 Improper curing methods
3.5 A new mixture design method for the ICBP using packing optimization
3.5.1 Step 1 - Tests on aggregates
3.5.2 Step 2 - Selection of vibration frequency
3.5.3 Step 3 - Determination of packing density (Model application)
3.5.4 Step 4 - Water/cement ratio calculation
3.5.5 Step 5 - Strength class determination (Excessive cement paste)
3.5.6 Step 6 - Calculation of mixture proportions
3.6 Summary of the mix design
3.7 Case Study
3.8 Advantages and Limitations of the proposed method
4. CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING DESIGN SUPPORT CONDITION
4.1 PAVEMENT DESIGN METHOD FOR CBP
4.1.1 Development of Design Charts
4.1.2 Design Chart I (Base Improvement with 150mm ABC Layer)
4.1.3 Design Chart II (Base Improvements without Sub Base Layer)
4.2 OPTIMUM SUPPORT CONDITION FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
4.3 PROPOSED DESIGN FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
5. GOOD PRACTICES IN CONCRETE BLOCK LAYING
5.1 DESIGN OF BLOCK LAYING AT CURVES
5.2 CHANGES IN DIRECTION AT INTERSECTIONS AND CORNERS
5.3 ESTABLISHING LAYING PATTERN
5.3.1 Angle Laying (Block Axis is not Parallel to the Edge Restrain)
5.3.2 Block axis is parallel to the Edge Restrain
6. MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT
6.1 FAILURE CATEGORIES
6.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
6.2.1 Removal of the Paving Blocks
6.3 REPAIR OR REINSTATE THE LOWER PAVEMENT LAYERS
6.4 SELECT REPLACEMENT BLOCKS
6.5 LAYING OF BLOCKS
6.6 CHECK JOINT WIDTH AND BLOCK HEIGHTS
6.7 FILL BLOCK JOINT
6.8 FINAL CHECK
Appendix 1: Equivalent Design Method
Appendix 2: Subgrade improvement for medium traffic level
Appendix 3: Design specifications
Appendix 4: Edge restraints
References
1.1 WHY WE NEED CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
2. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
2.1 INTERLOCKING MECHANISM
2.2 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLOCK SHAPES
2.3 THICKNESS OF THE BLOCK
2.4 BLOCK SIZE
2.5 BLOCK STRENGTH
2.6 LAYING PATTERN
2.7 DETERMINATION OF AN EFFECTIVE LAYING PATTERN
2.8 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF LAYING PATTERN
2.9 JOINT BETWEEN THE BLOCKS, AND FILLING OF BLOCK JOINTS
3. CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
3.1 MIX DESIGN OF ICBP
3.2 FACTORS GOVERNING THE MIX DESIGN
3.2.1 Strength
3.2.2 Water content
3.2.3 Surface texture of the blocks
3.3 MIXTURE DESIGN METHODS
3.3.1 Trial and error method
3.3.2 ACI method
3.3.3 DOE method
3.3.4 Particle optimization method
3.4 Problems faced by the industry related to mix designs
3.4.1 Improper aggregate gradations
3.4.2 Water/cement ratio
3.4.3 Improper curing methods
3.5 A new mixture design method for the ICBP using packing optimization
3.5.1 Step 1 - Tests on aggregates
3.5.2 Step 2 - Selection of vibration frequency
3.5.3 Step 3 - Determination of packing density (Model application)
3.5.4 Step 4 - Water/cement ratio calculation
3.5.5 Step 5 - Strength class determination (Excessive cement paste)
3.5.6 Step 6 - Calculation of mixture proportions
3.6 Summary of the mix design
3.7 Case Study
3.8 Advantages and Limitations of the proposed method
4. CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING DESIGN SUPPORT CONDITION
4.1 PAVEMENT DESIGN METHOD FOR CBP
4.1.1 Development of Design Charts
4.1.2 Design Chart I (Base Improvement with 150mm ABC Layer)
4.1.3 Design Chart II (Base Improvements without Sub Base Layer)
4.2 OPTIMUM SUPPORT CONDITION FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
4.3 PROPOSED DESIGN FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
5. GOOD PRACTICES IN CONCRETE BLOCK LAYING
5.1 DESIGN OF BLOCK LAYING AT CURVES
5.2 CHANGES IN DIRECTION AT INTERSECTIONS AND CORNERS
5.3 ESTABLISHING LAYING PATTERN
5.3.1 Angle Laying (Block Axis is not Parallel to the Edge Restrain)
5.3.2 Block axis is parallel to the Edge Restrain
6. MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT
6.1 FAILURE CATEGORIES
6.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
6.2.1 Removal of the Paving Blocks
6.3 REPAIR OR REINSTATE THE LOWER PAVEMENT LAYERS
6.4 SELECT REPLACEMENT BLOCKS
6.5 LAYING OF BLOCKS
6.6 CHECK JOINT WIDTH AND BLOCK HEIGHTS
6.7 FILL BLOCK JOINT
6.8 FINAL CHECK
Appendix 1: Equivalent Design Method
Appendix 2: Subgrade improvement for medium traffic level
Appendix 3: Design specifications
Appendix 4: Edge restraints
References
INTRODUCTION
1.1 WHY WE NEED CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
2. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
2.1 INTERLOCKING MECHANISM
2.2 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLOCK SHAPES
2.3 THICKNESS OF THE BLOCK
2.4 BLOCK SIZE
2.5 BLOCK STRENGTH
2.6 LAYING PATTERN
2.7 DETERMINATION OF AN EFFECTIVE LAYING PATTERN
2.8 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF LAYING PATTERN
2.9 JOINT BETWEEN THE BLOCKS, AND FILLING OF BLOCK JOINTS
3. CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
3.1 MIX DESIGN OF ICBP
3.2 FACTORS GOVERNING THE MIX DESIGN
3.2.1 Strength
3.2.2 Water content
3.2.3 Surface texture of the blocks
3.3 MIXTURE DESIGN METHODS
3.3.1 Trial and error method
3.3.2 ACI method
3.3.3 DOE method
3.3.4 Particle optimization method
3.4 Problems faced by the industry related to mix designs
3.4.1 Improper aggregate gradations
3.4.2 Water/cement ratio
3.4.3 Improper curing methods
3.5 A new mixture design method for the ICBP using packing optimization
3.5.1 Step 1 - Tests on aggregates
3.5.2 Step 2 - Selection of vibration frequency
3.5.3 Step 3 - Determination of packing density (Model application)
3.5.4 Step 4 - Water/cement ratio calculation
3.5.5 Step 5 - Strength class determination (Excessive cement paste)
3.5.6 Step 6 - Calculation of mixture proportions
3.6 Summary of the mix design
3.7 Case Study
3.8 Advantages and Limitations of the proposed method
4. CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING DESIGN SUPPORT CONDITION
4.1 PAVEMENT DESIGN METHOD FOR CBP
4.1.1 Development of Design Charts
4.1.2 Design Chart I (Base Improvement with 150mm ABC Layer)
4.1.3 Design Chart II (Base Improvements without Sub Base Layer)
4.2 OPTIMUM SUPPORT CONDITION FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
4.3 PROPOSED DESIGN FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
5. GOOD PRACTICES IN CONCRETE BLOCK LAYING
5.1 DESIGN OF BLOCK LAYING AT CURVES
5.2 CHANGES IN DIRECTION AT INTERSECTIONS AND CORNERS
5.3 ESTABLISHING LAYING PATTERN
5.3.1 Angle Laying (Block Axis is not Parallel to the Edge Restrain)
5.3.2 Block axis is parallel to the Edge Restrain
6. MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT
6.1 FAILURE CATEGORIES
6.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
6.2.1 Removal of the Paving Blocks
6.3 REPAIR OR REINSTATE THE LOWER PAVEMENT LAYERS
6.4 SELECT REPLACEMENT BLOCKS
6.5 LAYING OF BLOCKS
6.6 CHECK JOINT WIDTH AND BLOCK HEIGHTS
6.7 FILL BLOCK JOINT
6.8 FINAL CHECK
Appendix 1: Equivalent Design Method
Appendix 2: Subgrade improvement for medium traffic level
Appendix 3: Design specifications
Appendix 4: Edge restraints
References
1.1 WHY WE NEED CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
1.5 LIMITATIONS
2. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
2.1 INTERLOCKING MECHANISM
2.2 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BLOCK SHAPES
2.3 THICKNESS OF THE BLOCK
2.4 BLOCK SIZE
2.5 BLOCK STRENGTH
2.6 LAYING PATTERN
2.7 DETERMINATION OF AN EFFECTIVE LAYING PATTERN
2.8 FIELD PERFORMANCE OF LAYING PATTERN
2.9 JOINT BETWEEN THE BLOCKS, AND FILLING OF BLOCK JOINTS
3. CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
3.1 MIX DESIGN OF ICBP
3.2 FACTORS GOVERNING THE MIX DESIGN
3.2.1 Strength
3.2.2 Water content
3.2.3 Surface texture of the blocks
3.3 MIXTURE DESIGN METHODS
3.3.1 Trial and error method
3.3.2 ACI method
3.3.3 DOE method
3.3.4 Particle optimization method
3.4 Problems faced by the industry related to mix designs
3.4.1 Improper aggregate gradations
3.4.2 Water/cement ratio
3.4.3 Improper curing methods
3.5 A new mixture design method for the ICBP using packing optimization
3.5.1 Step 1 - Tests on aggregates
3.5.2 Step 2 - Selection of vibration frequency
3.5.3 Step 3 - Determination of packing density (Model application)
3.5.4 Step 4 - Water/cement ratio calculation
3.5.5 Step 5 - Strength class determination (Excessive cement paste)
3.5.6 Step 6 - Calculation of mixture proportions
3.6 Summary of the mix design
3.7 Case Study
3.8 Advantages and Limitations of the proposed method
4. CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING DESIGN SUPPORT CONDITION
4.1 PAVEMENT DESIGN METHOD FOR CBP
4.1.1 Development of Design Charts
4.1.2 Design Chart I (Base Improvement with 150mm ABC Layer)
4.1.3 Design Chart II (Base Improvements without Sub Base Layer)
4.2 OPTIMUM SUPPORT CONDITION FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
4.3 PROPOSED DESIGN FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS
5. GOOD PRACTICES IN CONCRETE BLOCK LAYING
5.1 DESIGN OF BLOCK LAYING AT CURVES
5.2 CHANGES IN DIRECTION AT INTERSECTIONS AND CORNERS
5.3 ESTABLISHING LAYING PATTERN
5.3.1 Angle Laying (Block Axis is not Parallel to the Edge Restrain)
5.3.2 Block axis is parallel to the Edge Restrain
6. MAINTENANCE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT
6.1 FAILURE CATEGORIES
6.2 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
6.2.1 Removal of the Paving Blocks
6.3 REPAIR OR REINSTATE THE LOWER PAVEMENT LAYERS
6.4 SELECT REPLACEMENT BLOCKS
6.5 LAYING OF BLOCKS
6.6 CHECK JOINT WIDTH AND BLOCK HEIGHTS
6.7 FILL BLOCK JOINT
6.8 FINAL CHECK
Appendix 1: Equivalent Design Method
Appendix 2: Subgrade improvement for medium traffic level
Appendix 3: Design specifications
Appendix 4: Edge restraints
References