Statistics or data is the plural of the same, stated in more than one figures such as height of two persons, birth weight of five babies, etc. They are collected from experiments, records and surveys, in all walks of life such as economics, politics, education, industry, business, administration, medicine including preventive and public health too. Biostatistics is the term used when tools of statistics are applied to the data that is derived from biological sciences such as medicine. Research studies conducted in various fields today require different types of statistical tests to be applied to infer from the data available. In the field of medicine and dentistry, the statistical tests have been used and applied for, in various scenario's such as for clinical and drug intervention trials, availability and consumption of health care services, for planning and implementation of manpower, control and monitoring of diseases etc. This wide application of biostatistics has led to easier interpretation of information of particular interest for an investigator or researcher. This book gives an insight of newer statistical tests and their advancements and application in health sciences.