"Computing principles" constitute the foundational concepts underlying the field of computer science, encompassing fundamental elements such as algorithmic thinking, data structures, computer architecture, operating systems, networking, software engineering, security, and artificial intelligence. These principles serve as the bedrock upon which modern computing systems are built, guiding the design, development, and operation of software and hardware alike. From the organization of data to the execution of instructions, from the management of resources to the facilitation of communication, computing principles shape every aspect of technology-driven solutions, driving innovation and progress in an increasingly interconnected and digital world.