From the Internet to networks of friendship, disease transmission, and even terrorism, the concept--and the reality--of networks has come to pervade modern society. But what exactly is a network? What different types of networks are there? Why are they interesting, and what can they tell us? In recent years, scientists from a range of fields--including mathematics, physics, computer science, sociology, and biology--have been pursuing these questions and building a new "science of networks." This book brings together for the first time a set of seminal articles representing research from across…mehr
From the Internet to networks of friendship, disease transmission, and even terrorism, the concept--and the reality--of networks has come to pervade modern society. But what exactly is a network? What different types of networks are there? Why are they interesting, and what can they tell us? In recent years, scientists from a range of fields--including mathematics, physics, computer science, sociology, and biology--have been pursuing these questions and building a new "science of networks." This book brings together for the first time a set of seminal articles representing research from across these disciplines. It is an ideal sourcebook for the key research in this fast-growing field. The book is organized into four sections, each preceded by an editors' introduction summarizing its contents and general theme. The first section sets the stage by discussing some of the historical antecedents of contemporary research in the area. From there the book moves to the empirical side of the science of networks before turning to the foundational modeling ideas that have been the focus of much subsequent activity. The book closes by taking the reader to the cutting edge of network science--the relationship between network structure and system dynamics. From network robustness to the spread of disease, this section offers a potpourri of topics on this rapidly expanding frontier of the new science.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Mark Newman has been shortlisted for the Costa Short Story Award, highly commended in the New Writer Prose & Poetry Awards and Bristol Prize longlisted. His work has won competitions judged by Alison Moore, Tania Hershman and David Gaffney. He has been published in Firewords Quarterly, Fiction Desk, and Paper Swans. He has eight stories in the Retreat West competition anthology Inside These Tangles, Beauty Lies.
Inhaltsangabe
Preface ix Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 A brief history of the study of networks 1 1.2 The "new" science of networks 4 1.3 Overview of the volume 8 Chapter 2: Historical developments 9 Chain-links F. Karinthy 21 Connectivity of random nets R. Solomonoff and A. Rapoport 27 On the evolution of random graphs P. Erdo os and A. Rényi 38 Contacts and influence I. de S. Pool and M. Kochen 83 An experimental study of the small world problem J. Travers and S. Milgram 130 Networks of scientific papers D. J. de S. Price 149 Famous trails to Paul Erdos R. de Castro and J. W. Grossman 155 Chapter 3: Empirical Studies 167 Diameter of the world-wide web R. Albert H. Jeong and A.-L. Barabási 182 Graph structure in the web A. Broder et al. 183 On power-law relationships of the internet topology M. Faloutsos P. Faloutsos and C. Faloutsos 195 Classes of small-world networks L.A.N. Amaral A. Scala M. Barthélémy and H. E. Stanley 207 The large-scale organization of metabolic networks H. Jeong et al. 211 The small world of metabolism A. Wagner and D. Fell 215 Network motifs: Simple building blocks of complex networks R. Milo et al. 217 The structure of scientific collaboration networks M. E. J. Newman 221 The web of human sexual contacts F. Liljeros et al. 227 Chapter 4: Models of networks 229 4.1 Random graph models 229 A critical point for random graphs with a given degree sequence M. Molloy and B. Reed 240 A random graph model for massive graphs W. Aiello F. Chung and L. Lu 259 Random graphs with arbitrary degree distributions and their applica-tions M.E.J. Newman S. H. Strogatz and D. J. Watts 269 4.2 The small-world model 286 Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks D. J. Watts and S. H. Strogatz 301 Small-world networks: Evidence for a crossover picture M. Barthélémy and L.A.N. Amaral 304 Comment on'Small-world networks: Evidence for crossover picture' A. Barrat 1999 308 Scaling and percolation in the small-world network model M.E.J. New-man and D. J. Watts 310 On the properties of small-world networks A. Barrat and M. Weigt 2000 321 4.3 Models of scale-free networks 335 Emergence of scaling in random networks A.-L. Barabási and R. Albert 349 Structure of growing networks with preferential linking S. N. Dorogov-tsev J. F. F. Mendes and A. N. Samukhin 353 Connectivity of growing random networks P. L. Krapivsky S. Redner and F. Leyvraz 357 Competition and multiscaling in evolving networks G. Bianconi and A.-L. Barabási 361 Universal behavior of load distribution in scale-free networks K.-I. Goh B. Kahng and D. Kim 368 Spectra of "real-world" graphs: Beyond the semicircle law I. J. Farkas I. Derényi A.-L. Barabási and T. Vicsek 372 The degree sequence of a scale-free random graph process B. Bol-lobás O. Riordan J. Spencer and G. Tusnády 384 A model of large-scale proteome evolution R.V. Solé R. Pastor-Satorras E. Smith and T. B. Kepler 396 Modeling of protein interaction networks A. Vázquez A. Flammini A. Maritan and A. Vespignani 408 Chapter 5: Applications 415 5.1 Epidemics and rumors 415 5.2 Robustness of networks 424 5.3 Searching networks 428 Epidemics with two levels of mixing F. Ball D. Mollison and G. Scalia-Tomba 436 The effects of local spatial structure on epidemiological invasions M. J. Keeling 480 Small world effect in an epidemiological model M. Kuperman and G. Abramson 489 Epidemic spreading in scale-free networks R. Pastor-Satorras and A. Vespignani 493 A simple model of global cascades on random networks D. J. Watts 497 Error and attack tolerance of complex networks R. Albert H. Jeong and A.-L. Barabási 503 Resilience of the Internet to random breakdowns R. Cohen K. Erez D. ben-Avraham and S. Havlin 507 Network robustness and fragility: Percolation on random graphs D. S. Callaway M. E. J. Newman S. H. Strogatz and D. J. Watts 510 Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment J. M. Kleinberg 514 Search in power-law networks L. A. Adamic R. M. Lukose A. R. Puniyani and B. A. Huberman 543 Navigation in a small world J. M. Kleinberg 551 Chapter 6: Outlook 553 References 559 Index 575
Preface ix Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 A brief history of the study of networks 1 1.2 The "new" science of networks 4 1.3 Overview of the volume 8 Chapter 2: Historical developments 9 Chain-links F. Karinthy 21 Connectivity of random nets R. Solomonoff and A. Rapoport 27 On the evolution of random graphs P. Erdo os and A. Rényi 38 Contacts and influence I. de S. Pool and M. Kochen 83 An experimental study of the small world problem J. Travers and S. Milgram 130 Networks of scientific papers D. J. de S. Price 149 Famous trails to Paul Erdos R. de Castro and J. W. Grossman 155 Chapter 3: Empirical Studies 167 Diameter of the world-wide web R. Albert H. Jeong and A.-L. Barabási 182 Graph structure in the web A. Broder et al. 183 On power-law relationships of the internet topology M. Faloutsos P. Faloutsos and C. Faloutsos 195 Classes of small-world networks L.A.N. Amaral A. Scala M. Barthélémy and H. E. Stanley 207 The large-scale organization of metabolic networks H. Jeong et al. 211 The small world of metabolism A. Wagner and D. Fell 215 Network motifs: Simple building blocks of complex networks R. Milo et al. 217 The structure of scientific collaboration networks M. E. J. Newman 221 The web of human sexual contacts F. Liljeros et al. 227 Chapter 4: Models of networks 229 4.1 Random graph models 229 A critical point for random graphs with a given degree sequence M. Molloy and B. Reed 240 A random graph model for massive graphs W. Aiello F. Chung and L. Lu 259 Random graphs with arbitrary degree distributions and their applica-tions M.E.J. Newman S. H. Strogatz and D. J. Watts 269 4.2 The small-world model 286 Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks D. J. Watts and S. H. Strogatz 301 Small-world networks: Evidence for a crossover picture M. Barthélémy and L.A.N. Amaral 304 Comment on'Small-world networks: Evidence for crossover picture' A. Barrat 1999 308 Scaling and percolation in the small-world network model M.E.J. New-man and D. J. Watts 310 On the properties of small-world networks A. Barrat and M. Weigt 2000 321 4.3 Models of scale-free networks 335 Emergence of scaling in random networks A.-L. Barabási and R. Albert 349 Structure of growing networks with preferential linking S. N. Dorogov-tsev J. F. F. Mendes and A. N. Samukhin 353 Connectivity of growing random networks P. L. Krapivsky S. Redner and F. Leyvraz 357 Competition and multiscaling in evolving networks G. Bianconi and A.-L. Barabási 361 Universal behavior of load distribution in scale-free networks K.-I. Goh B. Kahng and D. Kim 368 Spectra of "real-world" graphs: Beyond the semicircle law I. J. Farkas I. Derényi A.-L. Barabási and T. Vicsek 372 The degree sequence of a scale-free random graph process B. Bol-lobás O. Riordan J. Spencer and G. Tusnády 384 A model of large-scale proteome evolution R.V. Solé R. Pastor-Satorras E. Smith and T. B. Kepler 396 Modeling of protein interaction networks A. Vázquez A. Flammini A. Maritan and A. Vespignani 408 Chapter 5: Applications 415 5.1 Epidemics and rumors 415 5.2 Robustness of networks 424 5.3 Searching networks 428 Epidemics with two levels of mixing F. Ball D. Mollison and G. Scalia-Tomba 436 The effects of local spatial structure on epidemiological invasions M. J. Keeling 480 Small world effect in an epidemiological model M. Kuperman and G. Abramson 489 Epidemic spreading in scale-free networks R. Pastor-Satorras and A. Vespignani 493 A simple model of global cascades on random networks D. J. Watts 497 Error and attack tolerance of complex networks R. Albert H. Jeong and A.-L. Barabási 503 Resilience of the Internet to random breakdowns R. Cohen K. Erez D. ben-Avraham and S. Havlin 507 Network robustness and fragility: Percolation on random graphs D. S. Callaway M. E. J. Newman S. H. Strogatz and D. J. Watts 510 Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment J. M. Kleinberg 514 Search in power-law networks L. A. Adamic R. M. Lukose A. R. Puniyani and B. A. Huberman 543 Navigation in a small world J. M. Kleinberg 551 Chapter 6: Outlook 553 References 559 Index 575
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