The improper dumping practices may consume more land area and may also contaminate the surrounding environment. There is a need to design a proper sanitary landfill in order to control these effects. In the sanitary landfills, compacted clay liners play an important role by acting as barriers for stopping the permeation of leachate into ground/groundwater. If the locally available soils satisfy the necessary requirements of these clay liners, using that soil could naturally be economical to construct compact clay liner. Even if the compacted clay soil is designed properly and placed correctly, it may result in cracking of soil due to desiccation effect, which may lead to permeation of leachate into the sub strata. This book carries out laboratory study on locally available prominent clayey soils for the effect of desiccation induced cracks and hydraulic conductivity on the compacted clay soils under the influence of varying pH as well as organic and inorganic chemicals.