This monograph collects and comprehensively analyzes the existing and development of new technologies for obtaining polymer compositions, both for dressing cotton yarns and for thickening printing inks for fabric stuffing, based on natural water-soluble and synthetic polymers.The analyzed literature material, being evaluated in the aspect of the task of increasing the efficiency of dressing, indicates the undoubted feasibility of using polymer compositions based on starch, PVA and Hypane as a multi-functional drug in the dressing of cotton yarns. Data on the development of a new approach to the creation of dressing materials, which is based on the regulation of structure formation and rheological substances of water polymer systems by means of additives of highly dispersed microcrystalline cellulose.The physical and chemical properties of a polymer composition of a thickening composition with various polyfunctional polymer compounds of natural and synthetic origin, as well as themechanical properties of printed fabrics, were studied.